diff --git a/app/vmalert/Makefile b/app/vmalert/Makefile
index 37787e5c1..9f200f0c2 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/Makefile
+++ b/app/vmalert/Makefile
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ test-vmalert:
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/config
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/remotewrite
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/utils
-	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/unittest
 
 run-vmalert: vmalert
 	./bin/vmalert -rule=app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules/rules2-good.rules \
@@ -104,10 +103,6 @@ replay-vmalert: vmalert
 		-replay.timeFrom=2021-05-11T07:21:43Z \
 		-replay.timeTo=2021-05-29T18:40:43Z
 
-unittest-vmalert: vmalert
-	./bin/vmalert -unittestFile=app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml \
- 		-unittestFile=app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test2.yaml
-
 vmalert-linux-amd64:
 	APP_NAME=vmalert CGO_ENABLED=1 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(MAKE) app-local-goos-goarch
 
diff --git a/app/vmalert/README.md b/app/vmalert/README.md
index 613a8db62..4015aaa2c 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/README.md
+++ b/app/vmalert/README.md
@@ -742,249 +742,6 @@ See full description for these flags in `./vmalert -help`.
 * `limit` group's param has no effect during replay (might be changed in future);
 * `keep_firing_for` alerting rule param has no effect during replay (might be changed in future).
 
-## Unit Testing for Rules
-
-> Unit testing is available from v1.92.0. 
-> Unit tests do not respect `-clusterMode` for now.
-
-You can use `vmalert` to run unit tests for alerting and recording rules.
-In unit test mode vmalert performs the following actions:
-* sets up an isolated VictoriaMetrics instance;
-* simulates the periodic ingestion of time series;
-* queries the ingested data for recording and alerting rules evaluation;
-* tests whether the firing alerts or resulting recording rules match the expected results. 
-
-See how to run vmalert in unit test mode below:
-```
-# Run vmalert with one or multiple test files via -unittestFile cmd-line flag
-./vmalert -unittestFile=test1.yaml -unittestFile=test2.yaml
-```
-
-vmalert is compatible with [Prometheus config format for tests](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/unit_testing_rules/#test-file-format)
-except `promql_expr_test` field. Use `metricsql_expr_test` field name instead. The name is different because vmalert 
-validates and executes [MetricsQL](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/MetricsQL.html) expressions, 
-which aren't always backward compatible with [PromQL](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/).
-
-### Test file format
-
-The configuration format for files specified in `-unittestFile` cmd-line flag is the following:
-```
-# Path to the files or http url containing [rule groups](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#groups) configuration.
-# Enterprise version of vmalert supports S3 and GCS paths to rules.
-rule_files:
-  [ - <string> ]
-
-# The evaluation interval for rules specified in `rule_files`
-[ evaluation_interval: <duration> | default = 1m ]
-
-# Groups listed below will be evaluated by order.
-# Not All the groups need not be mentioned, if not, they will be evaluated by define order in rule_files.
-group_eval_order:
-  [ - <string> ]
-
-# The list of unit test files to be checked during evaluation.
-tests:
-  [ - <test_group> ]
-```
-
-#### `<test_group>`
-
-```
-# Interval between samples for input series
-interval: <duration>
-# Time series to persist into the database according to configured <interval> before running tests.
-input_series:
-  [ - <series> ]
-
-# Name of the test group, optional
-[ name: <string> ]
-
-# Unit tests for alerting rules
-alert_rule_test:
-  [ - <alert_test_case> ]
-
-# Unit tests for Metricsql expressions.
-metricsql_expr_test:
-  [ - <metricsql_expr_test> ]
-
-# External labels accessible for templating.
-external_labels:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ... ]
-
-```
-
-#### `<series>`
-
-```
-# series in the following format '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
-# Examples:
-#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
-#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
-series: <string>
-
-# values support several special equations:
-#    'a+bxc' becomes 'a a+b a+(2*b) a+(3*b) … a+(c*b)'
-#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples incrementing by b.
-#    'a-bxc' becomes 'a a-b a-(2*b) a-(3*b) … a-(c*b)'
-#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples decrementing by b (or incrementing by negative b).
-#    '_' represents a missing sample from scrape
-#    'stale' indicates a stale sample
-# Examples:
-#     1. '-2+4x3' becomes '-2 2 6 10' - series starts at -2, then 3 further samples incrementing by 4.
-#     2. ' 1-2x4' becomes '1 -1 -3 -5 -7' - series starts at 1, then 4 further samples decrementing by 2.
-#     3. ' 1x4' becomes '1 1 1 1 1' - shorthand for '1+0x4', series starts at 1, then 4 further samples incrementing by 0.
-#     4. ' 1 _x3 stale' becomes '1 _ _ _ stale' - the missing sample cannot increment, so 3 missing samples are produced by the '_x3' expression.
-values: <string>
-```
-
-#### `<alert_test_case>`
-
-vmalert by default adds `alertgroup` and `alertname` to the generated alerts and time series. 
-So you will need to specify both `groupname` and `alertname` under a single `<alert_test_case>`, 
-but no need to add them under `exp_alerts`.
-You can also pass `--disableAlertgroupLabel` to prevent vmalert from adding `alertgroup` label.
-
-```
-# The time elapsed from time=0s when this alerting rule should be checked.
-# Means this rule should be firing at this point, or shouldn't be firing if 'exp_alerts' is empty.
-eval_time: <duration>
-
-# Name of the group name to be tested.
-groupname: <string>
-
-# Name of the alert to be tested.
-alertname: <string>
-
-# List of the expected alerts that are firing under the given alertname at
-# the given evaluation time. If you want to test if an alerting rule should
-# not be firing, then you can mention only the fields above and leave 'exp_alerts' empty.
-exp_alerts:
-  [ - <alert> ]
-```
-
-#### `<alert>`
-
-```
-# These are the expanded labels and annotations of the expected alert.
-# Note: labels also include the labels of the sample associated with the alert
-exp_labels:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
-exp_annotations:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
-```
-
-#### `<metricsql_expr_test>`
-
-```
-# Expression to evaluate
-expr: <string>
-
-# The time elapsed from time=0s when this expression be evaluated.
-eval_time: <duration>
-
-# Expected samples at the given evaluation time.
-exp_samples:
-  [ - <sample> ]
-```
-
-#### `<sample>`
-
-```
-# Labels of the sample in usual series notation '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
-# Examples:
-#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
-#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
-labels: <string>
-
-# The expected value of the Metricsql expression.
-value: <number>
-```
-
-### Example
-
-This is an example input file for unit testing which will pass.
-`test.yaml` is the test file which follows the syntax above and `alerts.yaml` contains the alerting rules.
-
-With `rules.yaml` in the same directory, run `./vmalert -unittestFile=./unittest/testdata/test.yaml`.
-
-#### `test.yaml`
-
-```
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-evaluation_interval: 1m
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}'
-        values: "0+0x1440"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: suquery_interval_test
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{__name__="suquery_interval_test", datacenter="dc-123", instance="localhost:9090", job="prometheus"}'
-            value: 1
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 2h
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              job: prometheus
-              severity: page
-              instance: localhost:9090
-              datacenter: dc-123
-            exp_annotations:
-              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
-              description: "localhost:9090 of job prometheus has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              datacenter: dc-123
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    external_labels:
-      datacenter: dc-123
-```
-
-#### `alerts.yaml`
-
-```
-# This is the rules file.
-
-groups:
-  - name: group1
-    rules:
-      - alert: InstanceDown
-        expr: up == 0
-        for: 5m
-        labels:
-          severity: page
-        annotations:
-          summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
-          description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-      - alert: AlwaysFiring
-        expr: 1
-
-  - name: group2
-    rules:
-      - record: job:test:count_over_time1m
-        expr: sum without(instance) (count_over_time(test[1m]))
-      - record: suquery_interval_test
-        expr: count_over_time(up[5m:])
-```
-
 ## Monitoring
 
 `vmalert` exports various metrics in Prometheus exposition format at `http://vmalert-host:8880/metrics` page.
@@ -1535,11 +1292,6 @@ The shortlist of configuration flags is the following:
      Path to file with TLS key if -tls is set. The provided key file is automatically re-read every second, so it can be dynamically updated
   -tlsMinVersion string
      Optional minimum TLS version to use for incoming requests over HTTPS if -tls is set. Supported values: TLS10, TLS11, TLS12, TLS13
-  -unittestFile array
-     Path to the unit test files. When set, vmalert starts in unit test mode and performs only tests on configured files.
-     Examples:
-      -unittestFile="./unittest/testdata/test1.yaml,./unittest/testdata/test2.yaml".
-     See more information here https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#unit-testing-for-rules.
   -version
      Show VictoriaMetrics version
 ```
diff --git a/app/vmalert/group.go b/app/vmalert/group.go
index 8ee17f78b..3ccc01269 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/group.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/group.go
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ func (g *Group) close() {
 
 var skipRandSleepOnGroupStart bool
 
-func (g *Group) start(ctx context.Context, nts func() []notifier.Notifier, rw remotewrite.RWClient, rr datasource.QuerierBuilder) {
+func (g *Group) start(ctx context.Context, nts func() []notifier.Notifier, rw *remotewrite.Client, rr datasource.QuerierBuilder) {
 	defer func() { close(g.finishedCh) }()
 
 	// Spread group rules evaluation over time in order to reduce load on VictoriaMetrics.
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ type executor struct {
 	notifiers       func() []notifier.Notifier
 	notifierHeaders map[string]string
 
-	rw remotewrite.RWClient
+	rw *remotewrite.Client
 
 	previouslySentSeriesToRWMu sync.Mutex
 	// previouslySentSeriesToRW stores series sent to RW on previous iteration
diff --git a/app/vmalert/main.go b/app/vmalert/main.go
index 8c7c0bd7e..912daefa4 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/main.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/main.go
@@ -91,12 +91,7 @@ absolute path to all .tpl files in root.
 
 	disableAlertGroupLabel = flag.Bool("disableAlertgroupLabel", false, "Whether to disable adding group's Name as label to generated alerts and time series.")
 
-	dryRun        = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check only config files without running vmalert. The rules file are validated. The -rule flag must be specified.")
-	unitTestFiles = flagutil.NewArrayString("unittestFile", `Path to the unit test files. When set, vmalert starts in unit test mode and performs only tests on configured files.
-Examples:
- -unittestFile="./unittest/testdata/test1.yaml,./unittest/testdata/test2.yaml".
-See more information here https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#unit-testing-for-rules.
-`)
+	dryRun = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check only config files without running vmalert. The rules file are validated. The -rule flag must be specified.")
 )
 
 var alertURLGeneratorFn notifier.AlertURLGenerator
@@ -122,13 +117,6 @@ func main() {
 		logger.Fatalf("failed to parse %q: %s", *ruleTemplatesPath, err)
 	}
 
-	if len(*unitTestFiles) > 0 {
-		if unitRule(*unitTestFiles...) {
-			os.Exit(1)
-		}
-		os.Exit(0)
-	}
-
 	if *dryRun {
 		groups, err := config.Parse(*rulePath, notifier.ValidateTemplates, true)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -411,7 +399,7 @@ func configsEqual(a, b []config.Group) bool {
 // setConfigSuccess sets config reload status to 1.
 func setConfigSuccess(at uint64) {
 	configSuccess.Set(1)
-	configTimestamp.Set(at)
+	configTimestamp.Set(fasttime.UnixTimestamp())
 	// reset the error if any
 	setConfigErr(nil)
 }
diff --git a/app/vmalert/manager.go b/app/vmalert/manager.go
index d97a96e2c..26e909ddf 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/manager.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/manager.go
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ type manager struct {
 	querierBuilder datasource.QuerierBuilder
 	notifiers      func() []notifier.Notifier
 
-	rw remotewrite.RWClient
+	rw *remotewrite.Client
 	// remote read builder.
 	rr datasource.QuerierBuilder
 
diff --git a/app/vmalert/manager_test.go b/app/vmalert/manager_test.go
index 8ef07baf7..230808e3c 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/manager_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/manager_test.go
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func TestManagerUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 func TestManagerUpdateNegative(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := []struct {
 		notifiers []notifier.Notifier
-		rw        remotewrite.RWClient
+		rw        *remotewrite.Client
 		cfg       config.Group
 		expErr    string
 	}{
diff --git a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d4f935c1..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,320 +0,0 @@
-package remotewrite
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"flag"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/golang/snappy"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
-)
-
-var (
-	disablePathAppend = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.disablePathAppend", false, "Whether to disable automatic appending of '/api/v1/write' path to the configured -remoteWrite.url.")
-	sendTimeout       = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.sendTimeout", 30*time.Second, "Timeout for sending data to the configured -remoteWrite.url.")
-	retryMinInterval  = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.retryMinInterval", time.Second, "The minimum delay between retry attempts. Every next retry attempt will double the delay to prevent hammering of remote database. See also -remoteWrite.retryMaxInterval")
-	retryMaxTime      = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.retryMaxTime", time.Second*30, "The max time spent on retry attempts for the failed remote-write request. Change this value if it is expected for remoteWrite.url to be unreachable for more than -remoteWrite.retryMaxTime. See also -remoteWrite.retryMinInterval")
-)
-
-// Client is an asynchronous HTTP client for writing
-// timeseries via remote write protocol.
-type Client struct {
-	addr          string
-	c             *http.Client
-	authCfg       *promauth.Config
-	input         chan prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
-	flushInterval time.Duration
-	maxBatchSize  int
-	maxQueueSize  int
-
-	wg     sync.WaitGroup
-	doneCh chan struct{}
-}
-
-// Config is config for remote write.
-type Config struct {
-	// Addr of remote storage
-	Addr    string
-	AuthCfg *promauth.Config
-
-	// Concurrency defines number of readers that
-	// concurrently read from the queue and flush data
-	Concurrency int
-	// MaxBatchSize defines max number of timeseries
-	// to be flushed at once
-	MaxBatchSize int
-	// MaxQueueSize defines max length of input queue
-	// populated by Push method.
-	// Push will be rejected once queue is full.
-	MaxQueueSize int
-	// FlushInterval defines time interval for flushing batches
-	FlushInterval time.Duration
-	// Transport will be used by the underlying http.Client
-	Transport *http.Transport
-}
-
-const (
-	defaultConcurrency   = 4
-	defaultMaxBatchSize  = 1e3
-	defaultMaxQueueSize  = 1e5
-	defaultFlushInterval = 5 * time.Second
-	defaultWriteTimeout  = 30 * time.Second
-)
-
-// NewClient returns asynchronous client for
-// writing timeseries via remotewrite protocol.
-func NewClient(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
-	if cfg.Addr == "" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("config.Addr can't be empty")
-	}
-	if cfg.MaxBatchSize == 0 {
-		cfg.MaxBatchSize = defaultMaxBatchSize
-	}
-	if cfg.MaxQueueSize == 0 {
-		cfg.MaxQueueSize = defaultMaxQueueSize
-	}
-	if cfg.FlushInterval == 0 {
-		cfg.FlushInterval = defaultFlushInterval
-	}
-	if cfg.Transport == nil {
-		cfg.Transport = http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
-	}
-	cc := defaultConcurrency
-	if cfg.Concurrency > 0 {
-		cc = cfg.Concurrency
-	}
-	c := &Client{
-		c: &http.Client{
-			Timeout:   *sendTimeout,
-			Transport: cfg.Transport,
-		},
-		addr:          strings.TrimSuffix(cfg.Addr, "/"),
-		authCfg:       cfg.AuthCfg,
-		flushInterval: cfg.FlushInterval,
-		maxBatchSize:  cfg.MaxBatchSize,
-		maxQueueSize:  cfg.MaxQueueSize,
-		doneCh:        make(chan struct{}),
-		input:         make(chan prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, cfg.MaxQueueSize),
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < cc; i++ {
-		c.run(ctx)
-	}
-	return c, nil
-}
-
-// Push adds timeseries into queue for writing into remote storage.
-// Push returns and error if client is stopped or if queue is full.
-func (c *Client) Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
-	select {
-	case <-c.doneCh:
-		return fmt.Errorf("client is closed")
-	case c.input <- s:
-		return nil
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push timeseries - queue is full (%d entries). "+
-			"Queue size is controlled by -remoteWrite.maxQueueSize flag",
-			c.maxQueueSize)
-	}
-}
-
-// Close stops the client and waits for all goroutines
-// to exit.
-func (c *Client) Close() error {
-	if c.doneCh == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("client is already closed")
-	}
-	close(c.input)
-	close(c.doneCh)
-	c.wg.Wait()
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *Client) run(ctx context.Context) {
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(c.flushInterval)
-	wr := &prompbmarshal.WriteRequest{}
-	shutdown := func() {
-		for ts := range c.input {
-			wr.Timeseries = append(wr.Timeseries, ts)
-		}
-		lastCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), defaultWriteTimeout)
-		logger.Infof("shutting down remote write client and flushing remained %d series", len(wr.Timeseries))
-		c.flush(lastCtx, wr)
-		cancel()
-	}
-	c.wg.Add(1)
-	go func() {
-		defer c.wg.Done()
-		defer ticker.Stop()
-		for {
-			select {
-			case <-c.doneCh:
-				shutdown()
-				return
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				shutdown()
-				return
-			case <-ticker.C:
-				c.flush(ctx, wr)
-			case ts, ok := <-c.input:
-				if !ok {
-					continue
-				}
-				wr.Timeseries = append(wr.Timeseries, ts)
-				if len(wr.Timeseries) >= c.maxBatchSize {
-					c.flush(ctx, wr)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-}
-
-var (
-	sentRows            = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_rows_total`)
-	sentBytes           = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_bytes_total`)
-	sendDuration        = metrics.NewFloatCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_send_duration_seconds_total`)
-	droppedRows         = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_rows_total`)
-	droppedBytes        = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_bytes_total`)
-	bufferFlushDuration = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmalert_remotewrite_flush_duration_seconds`)
-
-	_ = metrics.NewGauge(`vmalert_remotewrite_concurrency`, func() float64 {
-		return float64(*concurrency)
-	})
-)
-
-// flush is a blocking function that marshals WriteRequest and sends
-// it to remote-write endpoint. Flush performs limited amount of retries
-// if request fails.
-func (c *Client) flush(ctx context.Context, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
-	if len(wr.Timeseries) < 1 {
-		return
-	}
-	defer prompbmarshal.ResetWriteRequest(wr)
-	defer bufferFlushDuration.UpdateDuration(time.Now())
-
-	data, err := wr.Marshal()
-	if err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("failed to marshal WriteRequest: %s", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	b := snappy.Encode(nil, data)
-
-	retryInterval, maxRetryInterval := *retryMinInterval, *retryMaxTime
-	if retryInterval > maxRetryInterval {
-		retryInterval = maxRetryInterval
-	}
-	timeStart := time.Now()
-	defer sendDuration.Add(time.Since(timeStart).Seconds())
-L:
-	for attempts := 0; ; attempts++ {
-		err := c.send(ctx, b)
-		if err == nil {
-			sentRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
-			sentBytes.Add(len(b))
-			return
-		}
-
-		_, isNotRetriable := err.(*nonRetriableError)
-		logger.Warnf("attempt %d to send request failed: %s (retriable: %v)", attempts+1, err, !isNotRetriable)
-
-		if isNotRetriable {
-			// exit fast if error isn't retriable
-			break
-		}
-
-		// check if request has been cancelled before backoff
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			logger.Errorf("interrupting retry attempt %d: context cancelled", attempts+1)
-			break L
-		default:
-		}
-
-		timeLeftForRetries := maxRetryInterval - time.Since(timeStart)
-		if timeLeftForRetries < 0 {
-			// the max retry time has passed, so we give up
-			break
-		}
-
-		if retryInterval > timeLeftForRetries {
-			retryInterval = timeLeftForRetries
-		}
-		// sleeping to prevent remote db hammering
-		time.Sleep(retryInterval)
-		retryInterval *= 2
-
-	}
-
-	droppedRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
-	droppedBytes.Add(len(b))
-	logger.Errorf("attempts to send remote-write request failed - dropping %d time series",
-		len(wr.Timeseries))
-}
-
-func (c *Client) send(ctx context.Context, data []byte) error {
-	r := bytes.NewReader(data)
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, c.addr, r)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create new HTTP request: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// RFC standard compliant headers
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "snappy")
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
-
-	// Prometheus compliant headers
-	req.Header.Set("X-Prometheus-Remote-Write-Version", "0.1.0")
-
-	if c.authCfg != nil {
-		c.authCfg.SetHeaders(req, true)
-	}
-	if !*disablePathAppend {
-		req.URL.Path = path.Join(req.URL.Path, "/api/v1/write")
-	}
-	resp, err := c.c.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while sending request to %s: %w; Data len %d(%d)",
-			req.URL.Redacted(), err, len(data), r.Size())
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
-
-	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-
-	// according to https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/remote_write_spec/
-	// Prometheus remote Write compatible receivers MUST
-	switch resp.StatusCode / 100 {
-	case 2:
-		// respond with a HTTP 2xx status code when the write is successful.
-		return nil
-	case 4:
-		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusTooManyRequests {
-			// MUST NOT retry write requests on HTTP 4xx responses other than 429
-			return &nonRetriableError{fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
-				resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)}
-		}
-		fallthrough
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
-			resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)
-	}
-}
-
-type nonRetriableError struct {
-	err error
-}
-
-func (e *nonRetriableError) Error() string {
-	return e.err.Error()
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client.go b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client.go
deleted file mode 100644
index a3cd17282..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-package remotewrite
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/golang/snappy"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-)
-
-// DebugClient won't push series periodically, but will write data to remote endpoint
-// immediately when Push() is called
-type DebugClient struct {
-	addr string
-	c    *http.Client
-
-	wg sync.WaitGroup
-}
-
-// NewDebugClient initiates and returns a new DebugClient
-func NewDebugClient() (*DebugClient, error) {
-	if *addr == "" {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	t, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
-	}
-	c := &DebugClient{
-		c: &http.Client{
-			Timeout:   *sendTimeout,
-			Transport: t,
-		},
-		addr: strings.TrimSuffix(*addr, "/"),
-	}
-	return c, nil
-}
-
-// Push sends the given timeseries to the remote storage.
-func (c *DebugClient) Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
-	c.wg.Add(1)
-	defer c.wg.Done()
-	wr := &prompbmarshal.WriteRequest{Timeseries: []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{s}}
-	data, err := wr.Marshal()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal the given time series: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return c.send(data)
-}
-
-// Close stops the DebugClient
-func (c *DebugClient) Close() error {
-	c.wg.Wait()
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *DebugClient) send(data []byte) error {
-	b := snappy.Encode(nil, data)
-	r := bytes.NewReader(b)
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, c.addr, r)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create new HTTP request: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// RFC standard compliant headers
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "snappy")
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
-
-	// Prometheus compliant headers
-	req.Header.Set("X-Prometheus-Remote-Write-Version", "0.1.0")
-
-	if !*disablePathAppend {
-		req.URL.Path = path.Join(req.URL.Path, "/api/v1/write")
-	}
-	resp, err := c.c.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while sending request to %s: %w; Data len %d(%d)",
-			req.URL.Redacted(), err, len(data), r.Size())
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
-
-	if resp.StatusCode/100 == 2 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	return fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
-		resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client_test.go b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 40c498cbe..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-package remotewrite
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-)
-
-func TestDebugClient_Push(t *testing.T) {
-	testSrv := newRWServer()
-	oldAddr := *addr
-	*addr = testSrv.URL
-	defer func() {
-		*addr = oldAddr
-	}()
-
-	client, err := NewDebugClient()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to create debug client: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	const rowsN = 100
-	var sent int
-	for i := 0; i < rowsN; i++ {
-		s := prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
-			Samples: []prompbmarshal.Sample{{
-				Value:     float64(i),
-				Timestamp: time.Now().Unix(),
-			}},
-		}
-		err := client.Push(s)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
-		}
-		if err == nil {
-			sent++
-		}
-	}
-	if sent == 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("0 series sent")
-	}
-	if err := client.Close(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to close client: %s", err)
-	}
-	got := testSrv.accepted()
-	if got != sent {
-		t.Fatalf("expected to have %d series; got %d", sent, got)
-	}
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite.go b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite.go
index 27d505e48..8d4f935c1 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite.go
@@ -1,13 +1,320 @@
 package remotewrite
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"path"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/golang/snappy"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 )
 
-// RWClient represents an HTTP client for pushing data via remote write protocol
-type RWClient interface {
-	// Push pushes the give time series to remote storage
-	Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error
-	// Close stops the client. Client can't be reused after Close call.
-	Close() error
+var (
+	disablePathAppend = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.disablePathAppend", false, "Whether to disable automatic appending of '/api/v1/write' path to the configured -remoteWrite.url.")
+	sendTimeout       = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.sendTimeout", 30*time.Second, "Timeout for sending data to the configured -remoteWrite.url.")
+	retryMinInterval  = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.retryMinInterval", time.Second, "The minimum delay between retry attempts. Every next retry attempt will double the delay to prevent hammering of remote database. See also -remoteWrite.retryMaxInterval")
+	retryMaxTime      = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.retryMaxTime", time.Second*30, "The max time spent on retry attempts for the failed remote-write request. Change this value if it is expected for remoteWrite.url to be unreachable for more than -remoteWrite.retryMaxTime. See also -remoteWrite.retryMinInterval")
+)
+
+// Client is an asynchronous HTTP client for writing
+// timeseries via remote write protocol.
+type Client struct {
+	addr          string
+	c             *http.Client
+	authCfg       *promauth.Config
+	input         chan prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	flushInterval time.Duration
+	maxBatchSize  int
+	maxQueueSize  int
+
+	wg     sync.WaitGroup
+	doneCh chan struct{}
+}
+
+// Config is config for remote write.
+type Config struct {
+	// Addr of remote storage
+	Addr    string
+	AuthCfg *promauth.Config
+
+	// Concurrency defines number of readers that
+	// concurrently read from the queue and flush data
+	Concurrency int
+	// MaxBatchSize defines max number of timeseries
+	// to be flushed at once
+	MaxBatchSize int
+	// MaxQueueSize defines max length of input queue
+	// populated by Push method.
+	// Push will be rejected once queue is full.
+	MaxQueueSize int
+	// FlushInterval defines time interval for flushing batches
+	FlushInterval time.Duration
+	// Transport will be used by the underlying http.Client
+	Transport *http.Transport
+}
+
+const (
+	defaultConcurrency   = 4
+	defaultMaxBatchSize  = 1e3
+	defaultMaxQueueSize  = 1e5
+	defaultFlushInterval = 5 * time.Second
+	defaultWriteTimeout  = 30 * time.Second
+)
+
+// NewClient returns asynchronous client for
+// writing timeseries via remotewrite protocol.
+func NewClient(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
+	if cfg.Addr == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("config.Addr can't be empty")
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxBatchSize == 0 {
+		cfg.MaxBatchSize = defaultMaxBatchSize
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxQueueSize == 0 {
+		cfg.MaxQueueSize = defaultMaxQueueSize
+	}
+	if cfg.FlushInterval == 0 {
+		cfg.FlushInterval = defaultFlushInterval
+	}
+	if cfg.Transport == nil {
+		cfg.Transport = http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
+	}
+	cc := defaultConcurrency
+	if cfg.Concurrency > 0 {
+		cc = cfg.Concurrency
+	}
+	c := &Client{
+		c: &http.Client{
+			Timeout:   *sendTimeout,
+			Transport: cfg.Transport,
+		},
+		addr:          strings.TrimSuffix(cfg.Addr, "/"),
+		authCfg:       cfg.AuthCfg,
+		flushInterval: cfg.FlushInterval,
+		maxBatchSize:  cfg.MaxBatchSize,
+		maxQueueSize:  cfg.MaxQueueSize,
+		doneCh:        make(chan struct{}),
+		input:         make(chan prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, cfg.MaxQueueSize),
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < cc; i++ {
+		c.run(ctx)
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+// Push adds timeseries into queue for writing into remote storage.
+// Push returns and error if client is stopped or if queue is full.
+func (c *Client) Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
+	select {
+	case <-c.doneCh:
+		return fmt.Errorf("client is closed")
+	case c.input <- s:
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push timeseries - queue is full (%d entries). "+
+			"Queue size is controlled by -remoteWrite.maxQueueSize flag",
+			c.maxQueueSize)
+	}
+}
+
+// Close stops the client and waits for all goroutines
+// to exit.
+func (c *Client) Close() error {
+	if c.doneCh == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("client is already closed")
+	}
+	close(c.input)
+	close(c.doneCh)
+	c.wg.Wait()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Client) run(ctx context.Context) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(c.flushInterval)
+	wr := &prompbmarshal.WriteRequest{}
+	shutdown := func() {
+		for ts := range c.input {
+			wr.Timeseries = append(wr.Timeseries, ts)
+		}
+		lastCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), defaultWriteTimeout)
+		logger.Infof("shutting down remote write client and flushing remained %d series", len(wr.Timeseries))
+		c.flush(lastCtx, wr)
+		cancel()
+	}
+	c.wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer c.wg.Done()
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-c.doneCh:
+				shutdown()
+				return
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				shutdown()
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				c.flush(ctx, wr)
+			case ts, ok := <-c.input:
+				if !ok {
+					continue
+				}
+				wr.Timeseries = append(wr.Timeseries, ts)
+				if len(wr.Timeseries) >= c.maxBatchSize {
+					c.flush(ctx, wr)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+var (
+	sentRows            = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_rows_total`)
+	sentBytes           = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_bytes_total`)
+	sendDuration        = metrics.NewFloatCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_send_duration_seconds_total`)
+	droppedRows         = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_rows_total`)
+	droppedBytes        = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_bytes_total`)
+	bufferFlushDuration = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmalert_remotewrite_flush_duration_seconds`)
+
+	_ = metrics.NewGauge(`vmalert_remotewrite_concurrency`, func() float64 {
+		return float64(*concurrency)
+	})
+)
+
+// flush is a blocking function that marshals WriteRequest and sends
+// it to remote-write endpoint. Flush performs limited amount of retries
+// if request fails.
+func (c *Client) flush(ctx context.Context, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
+	if len(wr.Timeseries) < 1 {
+		return
+	}
+	defer prompbmarshal.ResetWriteRequest(wr)
+	defer bufferFlushDuration.UpdateDuration(time.Now())
+
+	data, err := wr.Marshal()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf("failed to marshal WriteRequest: %s", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	b := snappy.Encode(nil, data)
+
+	retryInterval, maxRetryInterval := *retryMinInterval, *retryMaxTime
+	if retryInterval > maxRetryInterval {
+		retryInterval = maxRetryInterval
+	}
+	timeStart := time.Now()
+	defer sendDuration.Add(time.Since(timeStart).Seconds())
+L:
+	for attempts := 0; ; attempts++ {
+		err := c.send(ctx, b)
+		if err == nil {
+			sentRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
+			sentBytes.Add(len(b))
+			return
+		}
+
+		_, isNotRetriable := err.(*nonRetriableError)
+		logger.Warnf("attempt %d to send request failed: %s (retriable: %v)", attempts+1, err, !isNotRetriable)
+
+		if isNotRetriable {
+			// exit fast if error isn't retriable
+			break
+		}
+
+		// check if request has been cancelled before backoff
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			logger.Errorf("interrupting retry attempt %d: context cancelled", attempts+1)
+			break L
+		default:
+		}
+
+		timeLeftForRetries := maxRetryInterval - time.Since(timeStart)
+		if timeLeftForRetries < 0 {
+			// the max retry time has passed, so we give up
+			break
+		}
+
+		if retryInterval > timeLeftForRetries {
+			retryInterval = timeLeftForRetries
+		}
+		// sleeping to prevent remote db hammering
+		time.Sleep(retryInterval)
+		retryInterval *= 2
+
+	}
+
+	droppedRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
+	droppedBytes.Add(len(b))
+	logger.Errorf("attempts to send remote-write request failed - dropping %d time series",
+		len(wr.Timeseries))
+}
+
+func (c *Client) send(ctx context.Context, data []byte) error {
+	r := bytes.NewReader(data)
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, c.addr, r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create new HTTP request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// RFC standard compliant headers
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Encoding", "snappy")
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
+
+	// Prometheus compliant headers
+	req.Header.Set("X-Prometheus-Remote-Write-Version", "0.1.0")
+
+	if c.authCfg != nil {
+		c.authCfg.SetHeaders(req, true)
+	}
+	if !*disablePathAppend {
+		req.URL.Path = path.Join(req.URL.Path, "/api/v1/write")
+	}
+	resp, err := c.c.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error while sending request to %s: %w; Data len %d(%d)",
+			req.URL.Redacted(), err, len(data), r.Size())
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+
+	// according to https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/remote_write_spec/
+	// Prometheus remote Write compatible receivers MUST
+	switch resp.StatusCode / 100 {
+	case 2:
+		// respond with a HTTP 2xx status code when the write is successful.
+		return nil
+	case 4:
+		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusTooManyRequests {
+			// MUST NOT retry write requests on HTTP 4xx responses other than 429
+			return &nonRetriableError{fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
+				resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)}
+		}
+		fallthrough
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
+			resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)
+	}
+}
+
+type nonRetriableError struct {
+	err error
+}
+
+func (e *nonRetriableError) Error() string {
+	return e.err.Error()
 }
diff --git a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client_test.go b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite_test.go
similarity index 100%
rename from app/vmalert/remotewrite/client_test.go
rename to app/vmalert/remotewrite/remotewrite_test.go
diff --git a/app/vmalert/replay.go b/app/vmalert/replay.go
index 1151c17bf..1f3763a24 100644
--- a/app/vmalert/replay.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/replay.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ var (
 		"Progress bar rendering might be verbose or break the logs parsing, so it is recommended to be disabled when not used in interactive mode.")
 )
 
-func replay(groupsCfg []config.Group, qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, rw remotewrite.RWClient) error {
+func replay(groupsCfg []config.Group, qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, rw *remotewrite.Client) error {
 	if *replayMaxDatapoints < 1 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("replay.maxDatapointsPerQuery can't be lower than 1")
 	}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func replay(groupsCfg []config.Group, qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, rw remotewri
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (g *Group) replay(start, end time.Time, rw remotewrite.RWClient) int {
+func (g *Group) replay(start, end time.Time, rw *remotewrite.Client) int {
 	var total int
 	step := g.Interval * time.Duration(*replayMaxDatapoints)
 	ri := rangeIterator{start: start, end: end, step: step}
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func (g *Group) replay(start, end time.Time, rw remotewrite.RWClient) int {
 	return total
 }
 
-func replayRule(rule Rule, start, end time.Time, rw remotewrite.RWClient) (int, error) {
+func replayRule(rule Rule, start, end time.Time, rw *remotewrite.Client) (int, error) {
 	var err error
 	var tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
 	for i := 0; i < *replayRuleRetryAttempts; i++ {
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unitest_test.go b/app/vmalert/unitest_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 70f3b46db..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unitest_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestUnitRule(t *testing.T) {
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name              string
-		disableGroupLabel bool
-		files             []string
-		failed            bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:   "run multi files",
-			files:  []string{"./unittest/testdata/test1.yaml", "./unittest/testdata/test2.yaml"},
-			failed: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:              "disable group label",
-			disableGroupLabel: true,
-			files:             []string{"./unittest/testdata/disable-group-label.yaml"},
-			failed:            false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:   "failing test",
-			files:  []string{"./unittest/testdata/failed-test.yaml"},
-			failed: true,
-		},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		oldFlag := *disableAlertGroupLabel
-		*disableAlertGroupLabel = tc.disableGroupLabel
-		fail := unitRule(tc.files...)
-		if fail != tc.failed {
-			t.Fatalf("failed to test %s, expect %t, got %t", tc.name, tc.failed, fail)
-		}
-		*disableAlertGroupLabel = oldFlag
-	}
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest.go b/app/vmalert/unittest.go
deleted file mode 100644
index b51bdb5af..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,436 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"flag"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"reflect"
-	"sort"
-	"time"
-
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
-
-	vmalertconfig "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/remotewrite"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/unittest"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vminsert"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vminsert/promremotewrite"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/prometheus"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/promql"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
-)
-
-var (
-	storagePath string
-	// insert series from 1970-01-01T00:00:00
-	testStartTime = time.Unix(0, 0).UTC()
-
-	testPromWriteHTTPPath = "http://127.0.0.1" + *httpListenAddr + "/api/v1/write"
-	testDataSourcePath    = "http://127.0.0.1" + *httpListenAddr + "/prometheus"
-	testRemoteWritePath   = "http://127.0.0.1" + *httpListenAddr
-	testHealthHTTPPath    = "http://127.0.0.1" + *httpListenAddr + "/health"
-)
-
-const (
-	testStoragePath = "vmalert-unittest"
-	testLogLevel    = "ERROR"
-)
-
-func unitRule(files ...string) bool {
-	storagePath = filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), testStoragePath)
-	processFlags()
-	vminsert.Init()
-	vmselect.Init()
-	// storagePath will be created again when closing vmselect, so remove it again.
-	defer fs.MustRemoveAll(storagePath)
-	defer vminsert.Stop()
-	defer vmselect.Stop()
-	return rulesUnitTest(files...)
-}
-
-func rulesUnitTest(files ...string) bool {
-	var failed bool
-	for _, f := range files {
-		if err := ruleUnitTest(f); err != nil {
-			fmt.Println("  FAILED")
-			fmt.Printf("\nfailed to run unit test for file %q: \n%s", f, err)
-			failed = true
-		} else {
-			fmt.Println("  SUCCESS")
-		}
-	}
-	return failed
-}
-
-func ruleUnitTest(filename string) []error {
-	fmt.Println("\nUnit Testing: ", filename)
-	b, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
-	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to read file: %w", err)}
-	}
-
-	var unitTestInp unitTestFile
-	if err := yaml.UnmarshalStrict(b, &unitTestInp); err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal file: %w", err)}
-	}
-	if err := resolveAndGlobFilepaths(filepath.Dir(filename), &unitTestInp); err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve path for `rule_files`: %w", err)}
-	}
-
-	if unitTestInp.EvaluationInterval.Duration() == 0 {
-		fmt.Println("evaluation_interval set to 1m by default")
-		unitTestInp.EvaluationInterval = &promutils.Duration{D: 1 * time.Minute}
-	}
-
-	groupOrderMap := make(map[string]int)
-	for i, gn := range unitTestInp.GroupEvalOrder {
-		if _, ok := groupOrderMap[gn]; ok {
-			return []error{fmt.Errorf("group name repeated in `group_eval_order`: %s", gn)}
-		}
-		groupOrderMap[gn] = i
-	}
-
-	testGroups, err := vmalertconfig.Parse(unitTestInp.RuleFiles, nil, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to parse `rule_files`: %w", err)}
-	}
-
-	var errs []error
-	for _, t := range unitTestInp.Tests {
-		if err := verifyTestGroup(t); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
-			continue
-		}
-		testErrs := t.test(unitTestInp.EvaluationInterval.Duration(), groupOrderMap, testGroups)
-		errs = append(errs, testErrs...)
-	}
-
-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		return errs
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func verifyTestGroup(group testGroup) error {
-	var testGroupName string
-	if group.TestGroupName != "" {
-		testGroupName = fmt.Sprintf("testGroupName: %s\n", group.TestGroupName)
-	}
-	for _, at := range group.AlertRuleTests {
-		if at.Alertname == "" {
-			return fmt.Errorf("\n%s    missing required filed \"alertname\"", testGroupName)
-		}
-		if !*disableAlertGroupLabel && at.GroupName == "" {
-			return fmt.Errorf("\n%s    missing required filed \"groupname\" when flag \"disableAlertGroupLabel\" is false", testGroupName)
-		}
-		if at.EvalTime == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("\n%s    missing required filed \"eval_time\"", testGroupName)
-		}
-	}
-	for _, et := range group.MetricsqlExprTests {
-		if et.Expr == "" {
-			return fmt.Errorf("\n%s    missing required filed \"expr\"", testGroupName)
-		}
-		if et.EvalTime == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("\n%s    missing required filed \"eval_time\"", testGroupName)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func processFlags() {
-	flag.Parse()
-	for _, fv := range []struct {
-		flag  string
-		value string
-	}{
-		{flag: "storageDataPath", value: storagePath},
-		{flag: "loggerLevel", value: testLogLevel},
-		{flag: "search.disableCache", value: "true"},
-		// set storage retention time to 100 years, allow to store series from 1970-01-01T00:00:00.
-		{flag: "retentionPeriod", value: "100y"},
-		{flag: "datasource.url", value: testDataSourcePath},
-		{flag: "remoteWrite.url", value: testRemoteWritePath},
-	} {
-		// panics if flag doesn't exist
-		if err := flag.Lookup(fv.flag).Value.Set(fv.value); err != nil {
-			logger.Fatalf("unable to set %q with value %q, err: %v", fv.flag, fv.value, err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func setUp() {
-	vmstorage.Init(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
-	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, false, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
-		switch r.URL.Path {
-		case "/prometheus/api/v1/query":
-			if err := prometheus.QueryHandler(nil, time.Now(), w, r); err != nil {
-				httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			}
-			return true
-		case "/prometheus/api/v1/write", "/api/v1/write":
-			if err := promremotewrite.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
-				httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			}
-			return true
-		default:
-		}
-		return false
-	})
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-	readyCheckFunc := func() bool {
-		resp, err := http.Get(testHealthHTTPPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return false
-		}
-		_ = resp.Body.Close()
-		return resp.StatusCode == 200
-	}
-checkCheck:
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			logger.Fatalf("http server can't be ready in 30s")
-		default:
-			if readyCheckFunc() {
-				break checkCheck
-			}
-			time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func tearDown() {
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
-	}
-	vmstorage.Stop()
-	metrics.UnregisterAllMetrics()
-	fs.MustRemoveAll(storagePath)
-}
-
-// resolveAndGlobFilepaths joins all relative paths in a configuration
-// with a given base directory and replaces all globs with matching files.
-func resolveAndGlobFilepaths(baseDir string, utf *unitTestFile) error {
-	for i, rf := range utf.RuleFiles {
-		if rf != "" && !filepath.IsAbs(rf) {
-			utf.RuleFiles[i] = filepath.Join(baseDir, rf)
-		}
-	}
-
-	var globbedFiles []string
-	for _, rf := range utf.RuleFiles {
-		m, err := filepath.Glob(rf)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if len(m) == 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  WARNING: no file match pattern", rf)
-		}
-		globbedFiles = append(globbedFiles, m...)
-	}
-	utf.RuleFiles = globbedFiles
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (tg *testGroup) test(evalInterval time.Duration, groupOrderMap map[string]int, testGroups []vmalertconfig.Group) (checkErrs []error) {
-	// set up vmstorage and http server for ingest and read queries
-	setUp()
-	// tear down vmstorage and clean the data dir
-	defer tearDown()
-
-	err := unittest.WriteInputSeries(tg.InputSeries, tg.Interval, testStartTime, testPromWriteHTTPPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return []error{err}
-	}
-
-	q, err := datasource.Init(nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init datasource: %v", err)}
-	}
-	rw, err := remotewrite.NewDebugClient()
-	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init wr: %v", err)}
-	}
-
-	alertEvalTimesMap := map[time.Duration]struct{}{}
-	alertExpResultMap := map[time.Duration]map[string]map[string][]unittest.ExpAlert{}
-	for _, at := range tg.AlertRuleTests {
-		et := at.EvalTime.Duration()
-		alertEvalTimesMap[et] = struct{}{}
-		if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[et]; !ok {
-			alertExpResultMap[et] = make(map[string]map[string][]unittest.ExpAlert)
-		}
-		if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[et][at.GroupName]; !ok {
-			alertExpResultMap[et][at.GroupName] = make(map[string][]unittest.ExpAlert)
-		}
-		alertExpResultMap[et][at.GroupName][at.Alertname] = at.ExpAlerts
-	}
-	alertEvalTimes := make([]time.Duration, 0, len(alertEvalTimesMap))
-	for k := range alertEvalTimesMap {
-		alertEvalTimes = append(alertEvalTimes, k)
-	}
-	sort.Slice(alertEvalTimes, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return alertEvalTimes[i] < alertEvalTimes[j]
-	})
-
-	// sort group eval order according to the given "group_eval_order".
-	sort.Slice(testGroups, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return groupOrderMap[testGroups[i].Name] < groupOrderMap[testGroups[j].Name]
-	})
-
-	// create groups with given rule
-	var groups []*Group
-	for _, group := range testGroups {
-		ng := newGroup(group, q, *evaluationInterval, tg.ExternalLabels)
-		groups = append(groups, ng)
-	}
-
-	e := &executor{
-		rw:                       rw,
-		notifiers:                func() []notifier.Notifier { return nil },
-		previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
-	}
-
-	evalIndex := 0
-	maxEvalTime := testStartTime.Add(tg.maxEvalTime())
-	for ts := testStartTime; ts.Before(maxEvalTime) || ts.Equal(maxEvalTime); ts = ts.Add(evalInterval) {
-		for _, g := range groups {
-			resolveDuration := getResolveDuration(g.Interval, *resendDelay, *maxResolveDuration)
-			errs := e.execConcurrently(context.Background(), g.Rules, ts, g.Concurrency, resolveDuration, g.Limit)
-			for err := range errs {
-				if err != nil {
-					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\nfailed to exec group: %q, time: %s, err: %w", g.Name,
-						ts, err))
-				}
-			}
-			// flush series after each group evaluation
-			vmstorage.Storage.DebugFlush()
-		}
-
-		// check alert_rule_test case at every eval time
-		for evalIndex < len(alertEvalTimes) {
-			if ts.Sub(testStartTime) > alertEvalTimes[evalIndex] ||
-				alertEvalTimes[evalIndex] >= ts.Add(evalInterval).Sub(testStartTime) {
-				break
-			}
-			gotAlertsMap := map[string]map[string]unittest.LabelsAndAnnotations{}
-			for _, g := range groups {
-				if *disableAlertGroupLabel {
-					g.Name = ""
-				}
-				if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[time.Duration(ts.UnixNano())][g.Name]; !ok {
-					continue
-				}
-				if _, ok := gotAlertsMap[g.Name]; !ok {
-					gotAlertsMap[g.Name] = make(map[string]unittest.LabelsAndAnnotations)
-				}
-				for _, rule := range g.Rules {
-					ar, isAlertRule := rule.(*AlertingRule)
-					if !isAlertRule {
-						continue
-					}
-					if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[time.Duration(ts.UnixNano())][g.Name][ar.Name]; ok {
-						for _, got := range ar.alerts {
-							if got.State != notifier.StateFiring {
-								continue
-							}
-							laa := unittest.LabelAndAnnotation{
-								Labels:      datasource.ConvertToLabels(got.Labels),
-								Annotations: datasource.ConvertToLabels(got.Annotations),
-							}
-							gotAlertsMap[g.Name][ar.Name] = append(gotAlertsMap[g.Name][ar.Name], laa)
-						}
-					}
-
-				}
-			}
-			for groupname, gres := range alertExpResultMap[alertEvalTimes[evalIndex]] {
-				for alertname, res := range gres {
-					var expAlerts unittest.LabelsAndAnnotations
-					for _, expAlert := range res {
-						if expAlert.ExpLabels == nil {
-							expAlert.ExpLabels = make(map[string]string)
-						}
-						// alertGroupNameLabel is added as additional labels when `disableAlertGroupLabel` is false
-						if !*disableAlertGroupLabel {
-							expAlert.ExpLabels[alertGroupNameLabel] = groupname
-						}
-						// alertNameLabel is added as additional labels in vmalert.
-						expAlert.ExpLabels[alertNameLabel] = alertname
-						expAlerts = append(expAlerts, unittest.LabelAndAnnotation{
-							Labels:      datasource.ConvertToLabels(expAlert.ExpLabels),
-							Annotations: datasource.ConvertToLabels(expAlert.ExpAnnotations),
-						})
-					}
-					sort.Sort(expAlerts)
-
-					gotAlerts := gotAlertsMap[groupname][alertname]
-					sort.Sort(gotAlerts)
-					if !reflect.DeepEqual(expAlerts, gotAlerts) {
-						var testGroupName string
-						if tg.TestGroupName != "" {
-							testGroupName = fmt.Sprintf("testGroupName: %s,\n", tg.TestGroupName)
-						}
-						expString := unittest.IndentLines(expAlerts.String(), "            ")
-						gotString := unittest.IndentLines(gotAlerts.String(), "            ")
-						checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n%s    groupname: %s, alertname: %s, time: %s, \n        exp:%v, \n        got:%v ",
-							testGroupName, groupname, alertname, alertEvalTimes[evalIndex].String(), expString, gotString))
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			evalIndex++
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	checkErrs = append(checkErrs, unittest.CheckMetricsqlCase(tg.MetricsqlExprTests, q)...)
-	return checkErrs
-}
-
-// unitTestFile holds the contents of a single unit test file
-type unitTestFile struct {
-	RuleFiles          []string            `yaml:"rule_files"`
-	EvaluationInterval *promutils.Duration `yaml:"evaluation_interval"`
-	GroupEvalOrder     []string            `yaml:"group_eval_order"`
-	Tests              []testGroup         `yaml:"tests"`
-}
-
-// testGroup is a group of input series and test cases associated with it
-type testGroup struct {
-	Interval           *promutils.Duration          `yaml:"interval"`
-	InputSeries        []unittest.Series            `yaml:"input_series"`
-	AlertRuleTests     []unittest.AlertTestCase     `yaml:"alert_rule_test"`
-	MetricsqlExprTests []unittest.MetricsqlTestCase `yaml:"metricsql_expr_test"`
-	ExternalLabels     map[string]string            `yaml:"external_labels"`
-	TestGroupName      string                       `yaml:"name"`
-}
-
-// maxEvalTime returns the max eval time among all alert_rule_test and metricsql_expr_test
-func (tg *testGroup) maxEvalTime() time.Duration {
-	var maxd time.Duration
-	for _, alert := range tg.AlertRuleTests {
-		if alert.EvalTime.Duration() > maxd {
-			maxd = alert.EvalTime.Duration()
-		}
-	}
-	for _, met := range tg.MetricsqlExprTests {
-		if met.EvalTime.Duration() > maxd {
-			maxd = met.EvalTime.Duration()
-		}
-	}
-	return maxd
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/alerting.go b/app/vmalert/unittest/alerting.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 23f0845db..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/alerting.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-package unittest
-
-import (
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
-)
-
-// AlertTestCase holds alert_rule_test cases defined in test file
-type AlertTestCase struct {
-	EvalTime  *promutils.Duration `yaml:"eval_time"`
-	GroupName string              `yaml:"groupname"`
-	Alertname string              `yaml:"alertname"`
-	ExpAlerts []ExpAlert          `yaml:"exp_alerts"`
-}
-
-// ExpAlert holds exp_alerts defined in test file
-type ExpAlert struct {
-	ExpLabels      map[string]string `yaml:"exp_labels"`
-	ExpAnnotations map[string]string `yaml:"exp_annotations"`
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/input.go b/app/vmalert/unittest/input.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 58dd3edab..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/input.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-package unittest
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"regexp"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	testutil "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/victoria-metrics/test"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/decimal"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metricsql"
-)
-
-// Series holds input_series defined in the test file
-type Series struct {
-	Series string `yaml:"series"`
-	Values string `yaml:"values"`
-}
-
-// sequenceValue is an omittable value in a sequence of time series values.
-type sequenceValue struct {
-	Value   float64
-	Omitted bool
-}
-
-func httpWrite(address string, r io.Reader) {
-	resp, err := http.Post(address, "", r)
-	if err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("failed to send to storage: %v", err)
-	}
-	resp.Body.Close()
-}
-
-// WriteInputSeries send input series to vmstorage and flush them
-func WriteInputSeries(input []Series, interval *promutils.Duration, startStamp time.Time, dst string) error {
-	r := testutil.WriteRequest{}
-	for _, data := range input {
-		expr, err := metricsql.Parse(data.Series)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse series %s: %v", data.Series, err)
-		}
-		promvals, err := parseInputValue(data.Values, true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse input series value %s: %v", data.Values, err)
-		}
-		metricExpr, ok := expr.(*metricsql.MetricExpr)
-		if !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse series %s to metric expr: %v", data.Series, err)
-		}
-		samples := make([]testutil.Sample, 0, len(promvals))
-		ts := startStamp
-		for _, v := range promvals {
-			if !v.Omitted {
-				samples = append(samples, testutil.Sample{
-					Timestamp: ts.UnixMilli(),
-					Value:     v.Value,
-				})
-			}
-			ts = ts.Add(interval.Duration())
-		}
-		var ls []testutil.Label
-		for _, filter := range metricExpr.LabelFilterss[0] {
-			ls = append(ls, testutil.Label{Name: filter.Label, Value: filter.Value})
-		}
-		r.Timeseries = append(r.Timeseries, testutil.TimeSeries{Labels: ls, Samples: samples})
-	}
-
-	data, err := testutil.Compress(r)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to compress data: %v", err)
-	}
-	// write input series to vm
-	httpWrite(dst, bytes.NewBuffer(data))
-	vmstorage.Storage.DebugFlush()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// parseInputValue support input like "1", "1+1x1 _ -4 3+20x1", see more examples in test.
-func parseInputValue(input string, origin bool) ([]sequenceValue, error) {
-	var res []sequenceValue
-	items := strings.Split(input, " ")
-	reg := regexp.MustCompile(`\D?\d*\D?`)
-	for _, item := range items {
-		if item == "stale" {
-			res = append(res, sequenceValue{Value: decimal.StaleNaN})
-			continue
-		}
-		vals := reg.FindAllString(item, -1)
-		switch len(vals) {
-		case 1:
-			if vals[0] == "_" {
-				res = append(res, sequenceValue{Omitted: true})
-				continue
-			}
-			v, err := strconv.ParseFloat(vals[0], 64)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			res = append(res, sequenceValue{Value: v})
-			continue
-		case 2:
-			p1 := vals[0][:len(vals[0])-1]
-			v2, err := strconv.ParseInt(vals[1], 10, 64)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			option := vals[0][len(vals[0])-1]
-			switch option {
-			case '+':
-				v1, err := strconv.ParseFloat(p1, 64)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				res = append(res, sequenceValue{Value: v1 + float64(v2)})
-			case 'x':
-				for i := int64(0); i <= v2; i++ {
-					if p1 == "_" {
-						if i == 0 {
-							i = 1
-						}
-						res = append(res, sequenceValue{Omitted: true})
-						continue
-					}
-					v1, err := strconv.ParseFloat(p1, 64)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					if !origin || v1 == 0 {
-						res = append(res, sequenceValue{Value: v1 * float64(i)})
-						continue
-					}
-					newVal := fmt.Sprintf("%s+0x%s", p1, vals[1])
-					newRes, err := parseInputValue(newVal, false)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					res = append(res, newRes...)
-					break
-				}
-
-			default:
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("got invalid operation %b", option)
-			}
-		case 3:
-			r1, err := parseInputValue(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", vals[1], vals[2]), false)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			p1 := vals[0][:len(vals[0])-1]
-			v1, err := strconv.ParseFloat(p1, 64)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			option := vals[0][len(vals[0])-1]
-			var isAdd bool
-			if option == '+' {
-				isAdd = true
-			}
-			for _, r := range r1 {
-				if isAdd {
-					res = append(res, sequenceValue{
-						Value: r.Value + v1,
-					})
-				} else {
-					res = append(res, sequenceValue{
-						Value: v1 - r.Value,
-					})
-				}
-			}
-		default:
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported input %s", input)
-		}
-	}
-	return res, nil
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/input_test.go b/app/vmalert/unittest/input_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f74de98b..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/input_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-package unittest
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/decimal"
-)
-
-func TestParseInputValue(t *testing.T) {
-	testCases := []struct {
-		input  string
-		exp    []sequenceValue
-		failed bool
-	}{
-		{
-			"",
-			nil,
-			true,
-		},
-		{
-			"testfailed",
-			nil,
-			true,
-		},
-		// stale doesn't support operations
-		{
-			"stalex3",
-			nil,
-			true,
-		},
-		{
-			"-4",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: -4}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"_",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Omitted: true}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"stale",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: decimal.StaleNaN}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"-4x1",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: -4}, {Value: -4}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"_x1",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Omitted: true}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"1+1x4",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: 1}, {Value: 2}, {Value: 3}, {Value: 4}, {Value: 5}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"2-1x4",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: 2}, {Value: 1}, {Value: 0}, {Value: -1}, {Value: -2}},
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"1+1x1 _ -4 stale 3+20x1",
-			[]sequenceValue{{Value: 1}, {Value: 2}, {Omitted: true}, {Value: -4}, {Value: decimal.StaleNaN}, {Value: 3}, {Value: 23}},
-			false,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		output, err := parseInputValue(tc.input, true)
-		if err != nil != tc.failed {
-			t.Fatalf("failed to parse %s, expect %t, got %t", tc.input, tc.failed, err != nil)
-		}
-		if len(tc.exp) != len(output) {
-			t.Fatalf("expect %v, got %v", tc.exp, output)
-		}
-		for i := 0; i < len(tc.exp); i++ {
-			if tc.exp[i].Omitted != output[i].Omitted {
-				t.Fatalf("expect %v, got %v", tc.exp, output)
-			}
-			if tc.exp[i].Value != output[i].Value {
-				if decimal.IsStaleNaN(tc.exp[i].Value) && decimal.IsStaleNaN(output[i].Value) {
-					continue
-				}
-				t.Fatalf("expect %v, got %v", tc.exp, output)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/recording.go b/app/vmalert/unittest/recording.go
deleted file mode 100644
index f4789ec5b..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/recording.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-package unittest
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/url"
-	"reflect"
-	"sort"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metricsql"
-)
-
-// MetricsqlTestCase holds metricsql_expr_test cases defined in test file
-type MetricsqlTestCase struct {
-	Expr       string              `yaml:"expr"`
-	EvalTime   *promutils.Duration `yaml:"eval_time"`
-	ExpSamples []expSample         `yaml:"exp_samples"`
-}
-
-type expSample struct {
-	Labels string  `yaml:"labels"`
-	Value  float64 `yaml:"value"`
-}
-
-// CheckMetricsqlCase will check metricsql_expr_test cases
-func CheckMetricsqlCase(cases []MetricsqlTestCase, q datasource.QuerierBuilder) (checkErrs []error) {
-	queries := q.BuildWithParams(datasource.QuerierParams{QueryParams: url.Values{"nocache": {"1"}, "latency_offset": {"1ms"}}, DataSourceType: "prometheus"})
-Outer:
-	for _, mt := range cases {
-		result, _, err := queries.Query(context.Background(), mt.Expr, mt.EvalTime.ParseTime())
-		if err != nil {
-			checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %w", mt.Expr,
-				mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), err))
-			continue
-		}
-		var gotSamples []parsedSample
-		for _, s := range result.Data {
-			sort.Slice(s.Labels, func(i, j int) bool {
-				return s.Labels[i].Name < s.Labels[j].Name
-			})
-			gotSamples = append(gotSamples, parsedSample{
-				Labels: s.Labels,
-				Value:  s.Values[0],
-			})
-		}
-		var expSamples []parsedSample
-		for _, s := range mt.ExpSamples {
-			expLb := datasource.Labels{}
-			if s.Labels != "" {
-				metricsqlExpr, err := metricsql.Parse(s.Labels)
-				if err != nil {
-					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %v", mt.Expr,
-						mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), fmt.Errorf("failed to parse labels %q: %w", s.Labels, err)))
-					continue Outer
-				}
-				metricsqlMetricExpr, ok := metricsqlExpr.(*metricsql.MetricExpr)
-				if !ok {
-					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %v", mt.Expr,
-						mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), fmt.Errorf("got unsupported metricsql type")))
-					continue Outer
-				}
-				for _, l := range metricsqlMetricExpr.LabelFilterss[0] {
-					expLb = append(expLb, datasource.Label{
-						Name:  l.Label,
-						Value: l.Value,
-					})
-				}
-			}
-			sort.Slice(expLb, func(i, j int) bool {
-				return expLb[i].Name < expLb[j].Name
-			})
-			expSamples = append(expSamples, parsedSample{
-				Labels: expLb,
-				Value:  s.Value,
-			})
-		}
-		sort.Slice(expSamples, func(i, j int) bool {
-			return datasource.LabelCompare(expSamples[i].Labels, expSamples[j].Labels) <= 0
-		})
-		sort.Slice(gotSamples, func(i, j int) bool {
-			return datasource.LabelCompare(gotSamples[i].Labels, gotSamples[j].Labels) <= 0
-		})
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(expSamples, gotSamples) {
-			checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s,\n        exp: %v\n        got: %v", mt.Expr,
-				mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), parsedSamplesString(expSamples), parsedSamplesString(gotSamples)))
-		}
-
-	}
-	return
-}
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/disable-group-label.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/disable-group-label.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 6060710b6..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/disable-group-label.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-evaluation_interval: 1m
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="vmagent2", instance="localhost:9090"}'
-        values: "0+0x1440"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: suquery_interval_test
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{__name__="suquery_interval_test",datacenter="dc-123", instance="localhost:9090", job="vmagent2"}'
-            value: 1
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 2h
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              job: vmagent2
-              severity: page
-              instance: localhost:9090
-              datacenter: dc-123
-            exp_annotations:
-              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
-              description: "localhost:9090 of job vmagent2 has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              datacenter: dc-123
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    external_labels:
-      datacenter: dc-123
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/failed-test.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/failed-test.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e55296f2..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/failed-test.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    name: "Failing test"
-    input_series:
-      - series: test
-        values: "0"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: test
-        eval_time: 0m
-        exp_samples:
-          - value: 0
-            labels: test
-
-    # will failed cause there is no "Test" group and rule defined
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 0m
-        groupname: Test
-        alertname: Test
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels: {}
-
-  - interval: 1m
-    name: Failing alert test
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="test"}'
-        values: 0x10
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      # will failed cause rule is firing
-      - eval_time: 5m
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-      # will failed cause missing groupname
-      - eval_time: 5m
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts: []
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/long-period.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/long-period.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 052470b69..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/long-period.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# can be executed successfully but will take more than 1 minute
-# not included in unit test now
-evaluation_interval: 100d
-
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1d
-    input_series:
-      - series: test
-        # Max time in time.Duration is 106751d from 1970 (2^63/10^9), i.e. 2262.
-        # But VictoriaMetrics supports maxTimestamp value +2 days from now. see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/827.
-        # We input series to 2024-01-01T00:00:00 here.
-        values: "0+1x19723"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: timestamp(test)
-        eval_time: 0m
-        exp_samples:
-          - value: 0
-      - expr: test
-        eval_time: 100d
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: test
-            value: 100
-      - expr: timestamp(test)
-        eval_time: 19000d
-        exp_samples:
-          - value: 1641600000 # 19000d -> seconds.
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/rules.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/rules.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index f7455c6d8..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/rules.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-groups:
-  - name: group1
-    rules:
-      - alert: InstanceDown
-        expr: up == 0
-        for: 5m
-        labels:
-          severity: page
-        annotations:
-          summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
-          description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-      - alert: AlwaysFiring
-        expr: 1
-      - alert: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        expr: absent(test)
-        for: 1m
-
-  - name: group2
-    rules:
-      - record: t1
-        expr: test
-      - record: job:test:count_over_time1m
-        expr: sum without(instance) (count_over_time(test[1m]))
-      - record: suquery_interval_test
-        expr: count_over_time(up[5m:])
-
-      - alert: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        expr: absent(test)
-        for: 5m
-
-  - name: group3
-    rules:
-      - record: t2
-        expr: t1
-
-  - name: group4
-    rules:
-      - record: t3
-        expr: t1
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index d60e8587f..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-evaluation_interval: 1m
-group_eval_order: ["group4", "group2", "group3"]
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    name: "basic test"
-    input_series:
-      - series: "test"
-        values: "_x5 1x5 _ stale"
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 1m
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        exp_alerts:
-          - {}
-      - eval_time: 1m
-        groupname: group2
-        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        exp_alerts: []
-      - eval_time: 6m
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: test
-        eval_time: 11m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{__name__="test"}'
-            value: 1
-      - expr: test
-        eval_time: 12m
-        exp_samples: []
-
-  - interval: 1m
-    name: "basic test2"
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="vmagent1", instance="localhost:9090"}'
-        values: "0+0x1440"
-      - series: "test"
-        values: "0+1x1440"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: count(ALERTS) by (alertgroup, alertname, alertstate)
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{alertgroup="group1", alertname="AlwaysFiring", alertstate="firing"}'
-            value: 1
-          - labels: '{alertgroup="group1", alertname="InstanceDown", alertstate="pending"}'
-            value: 1
-      - expr: t1
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - value: 4
-            labels: '{__name__="t1", datacenter="dc-123"}'
-      - expr: t2
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - value: 4
-            labels: '{__name__="t2", datacenter="dc-123"}'
-      - expr: t3
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          # t3 is 3 instead of 4 cause it's rules3 is evaluated before rules1
-          - value: 3
-            labels: '{__name__="t3", datacenter="dc-123"}'
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 10m
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              job: vmagent1
-              severity: page
-              instance: localhost:9090
-              datacenter: dc-123
-            exp_annotations:
-              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
-              description: "localhost:9090 of job vmagent1 has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              datacenter: dc-123
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: alerts
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    external_labels:
-      datacenter: dc-123
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test2.yaml b/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test2.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d7825742..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/testdata/test2.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-evaluation_interval: 1m
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="vmagent2", instance="localhost:9090"}'
-        values: "0+0x1440"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: suquery_interval_test
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{__name__="suquery_interval_test",datacenter="dc-123", instance="localhost:9090", job="vmagent2"}'
-            value: 1
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 2h
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              job: vmagent2
-              severity: page
-              instance: localhost:9090
-              datacenter: dc-123
-            exp_annotations:
-              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
-              description: "localhost:9090 of job vmagent2 has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              datacenter: dc-123
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    external_labels:
-      datacenter: dc-123
diff --git a/app/vmalert/unittest/type.go b/app/vmalert/unittest/type.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 22e881a2c..000000000
--- a/app/vmalert/unittest/type.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-package unittest
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
-)
-
-// parsedSample is a sample with parsed Labels
-type parsedSample struct {
-	Labels datasource.Labels
-	Value  float64
-}
-
-func (ps *parsedSample) String() string {
-	return ps.Labels.String() + " " + strconv.FormatFloat(ps.Value, 'E', -1, 64)
-}
-
-func parsedSamplesString(pss []parsedSample) string {
-	if len(pss) == 0 {
-		return "nil"
-	}
-	s := pss[0].String()
-	for _, ps := range pss[1:] {
-		s += ", " + ps.String()
-	}
-	return s
-}
-
-// LabelAndAnnotation holds labels and annotations
-type LabelAndAnnotation struct {
-	Labels      datasource.Labels
-	Annotations datasource.Labels
-}
-
-func (la *LabelAndAnnotation) String() string {
-	return "Labels:" + la.Labels.String() + "\nAnnotations:" + la.Annotations.String()
-}
-
-// LabelsAndAnnotations is collection of LabelAndAnnotation
-type LabelsAndAnnotations []LabelAndAnnotation
-
-func (la LabelsAndAnnotations) Len() int { return len(la) }
-
-func (la LabelsAndAnnotations) Swap(i, j int) { la[i], la[j] = la[j], la[i] }
-func (la LabelsAndAnnotations) Less(i, j int) bool {
-	diff := datasource.LabelCompare(la[i].Labels, la[j].Labels)
-	if diff != 0 {
-		return diff < 0
-	}
-	return datasource.LabelCompare(la[i].Annotations, la[j].Annotations) < 0
-}
-
-func (la LabelsAndAnnotations) String() string {
-	if len(la) == 0 {
-		return "[]"
-	}
-	s := "[\n0:" + IndentLines("\n"+la[0].String(), "  ")
-	for i, l := range la[1:] {
-		s += ",\n" + fmt.Sprintf("%d", i+1) + ":" + IndentLines("\n"+l.String(), "  ")
-	}
-	s += "\n]"
-
-	return s
-}
-
-// IndentLines prefixes each line in the supplied string with the given "indent" string.
-func IndentLines(lines, indent string) string {
-	sb := strings.Builder{}
-	n := strings.Split(lines, "\n")
-	for i, l := range n {
-		if i > 0 {
-			sb.WriteString(indent)
-		}
-		sb.WriteString(l)
-		if i != len(n)-1 {
-			sb.WriteRune('\n')
-		}
-	}
-	return sb.String()
-}
diff --git a/app/vminsert/common/streamaggr.go b/app/vminsert/common/streamaggr.go
index 1d3fdc56a..4fb07fe34 100644
--- a/app/vminsert/common/streamaggr.go
+++ b/app/vminsert/common/streamaggr.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 var (
-	saCfgReloaderStopCh chan struct{}
+	saCfgReloaderStopCh = make(chan struct{})
 	saCfgReloaderWG     sync.WaitGroup
 
 	saCfgReloads   = metrics.NewCounter(`vminsert_streamagg_config_reloads_total`)
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ func CheckStreamAggrConfig() error {
 //
 // MustStopStreamAggr must be called when stream aggr is no longer needed.
 func InitStreamAggr() {
-	saCfgReloaderStopCh = make(chan struct{})
 	if *streamAggrConfig == "" {
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/docs/CHANGELOG.md b/docs/CHANGELOG.md
index d9d22669c..d4505fe70 100644
--- a/docs/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/docs/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ The following `tip` changes can be tested by building VictoriaMetrics components
 
 ## tip
 
+* BUGFIX: [vmalert](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html): revert unit test feature for alerting and recording rules introduced in [this pull request](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/pull/4596). See the following [change](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/pull/4734).
+
 ## [v1.92.0](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases/tag/v1.92.0)
 
 Released at 2023-07-27
diff --git a/docs/vmalert.md b/docs/vmalert.md
index f9ad90e53..b70bfd0e8 100644
--- a/docs/vmalert.md
+++ b/docs/vmalert.md
@@ -753,249 +753,6 @@ See full description for these flags in `./vmalert -help`.
 * `limit` group's param has no effect during replay (might be changed in future);
 * `keep_firing_for` alerting rule param has no effect during replay (might be changed in future).
 
-## Unit Testing for Rules
-
-> Unit testing is available from v1.92.0. 
-> Unit tests do not respect `-clusterMode` for now.
-
-You can use `vmalert` to run unit tests for alerting and recording rules.
-In unit test mode vmalert performs the following actions:
-* sets up an isolated VictoriaMetrics instance;
-* simulates the periodic ingestion of time series;
-* queries the ingested data for recording and alerting rules evaluation;
-* tests whether the firing alerts or resulting recording rules match the expected results. 
-
-See how to run vmalert in unit test mode below:
-```
-# Run vmalert with one or multiple test files via -unittestFile cmd-line flag
-./vmalert -unittestFile=test1.yaml -unittestFile=test2.yaml
-```
-
-vmalert is compatible with [Prometheus config format for tests](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/unit_testing_rules/#test-file-format)
-except `promql_expr_test` field. Use `metricsql_expr_test` field name instead. The name is different because vmalert 
-validates and executes [MetricsQL](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/MetricsQL.html) expressions, 
-which aren't always backward compatible with [PromQL](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/).
-
-### Test file format
-
-The configuration format for files specified in `-unittestFile` cmd-line flag is the following:
-```
-# Path to the files or http url containing [rule groups](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#groups) configuration.
-# Enterprise version of vmalert supports S3 and GCS paths to rules.
-rule_files:
-  [ - <string> ]
-
-# The evaluation interval for rules specified in `rule_files`
-[ evaluation_interval: <duration> | default = 1m ]
-
-# Groups listed below will be evaluated by order.
-# Not All the groups need not be mentioned, if not, they will be evaluated by define order in rule_files.
-group_eval_order:
-  [ - <string> ]
-
-# The list of unit test files to be checked during evaluation.
-tests:
-  [ - <test_group> ]
-```
-
-#### `<test_group>`
-
-```
-# Interval between samples for input series
-interval: <duration>
-# Time series to persist into the database according to configured <interval> before running tests.
-input_series:
-  [ - <series> ]
-
-# Name of the test group, optional
-[ name: <string> ]
-
-# Unit tests for alerting rules
-alert_rule_test:
-  [ - <alert_test_case> ]
-
-# Unit tests for Metricsql expressions.
-metricsql_expr_test:
-  [ - <metricsql_expr_test> ]
-
-# External labels accessible for templating.
-external_labels:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ... ]
-
-```
-
-#### `<series>`
-
-```
-# series in the following format '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
-# Examples:
-#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
-#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
-series: <string>
-
-# values support several special equations:
-#    'a+bxc' becomes 'a a+b a+(2*b) a+(3*b) … a+(c*b)'
-#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples incrementing by b.
-#    'a-bxc' becomes 'a a-b a-(2*b) a-(3*b) … a-(c*b)'
-#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples decrementing by b (or incrementing by negative b).
-#    '_' represents a missing sample from scrape
-#    'stale' indicates a stale sample
-# Examples:
-#     1. '-2+4x3' becomes '-2 2 6 10' - series starts at -2, then 3 further samples incrementing by 4.
-#     2. ' 1-2x4' becomes '1 -1 -3 -5 -7' - series starts at 1, then 4 further samples decrementing by 2.
-#     3. ' 1x4' becomes '1 1 1 1 1' - shorthand for '1+0x4', series starts at 1, then 4 further samples incrementing by 0.
-#     4. ' 1 _x3 stale' becomes '1 _ _ _ stale' - the missing sample cannot increment, so 3 missing samples are produced by the '_x3' expression.
-values: <string>
-```
-
-#### `<alert_test_case>`
-
-vmalert by default adds `alertgroup` and `alertname` to the generated alerts and time series. 
-So you will need to specify both `groupname` and `alertname` under a single `<alert_test_case>`, 
-but no need to add them under `exp_alerts`.
-You can also pass `--disableAlertgroupLabel` to prevent vmalert from adding `alertgroup` label.
-
-```
-# The time elapsed from time=0s when this alerting rule should be checked.
-# Means this rule should be firing at this point, or shouldn't be firing if 'exp_alerts' is empty.
-eval_time: <duration>
-
-# Name of the group name to be tested.
-groupname: <string>
-
-# Name of the alert to be tested.
-alertname: <string>
-
-# List of the expected alerts that are firing under the given alertname at
-# the given evaluation time. If you want to test if an alerting rule should
-# not be firing, then you can mention only the fields above and leave 'exp_alerts' empty.
-exp_alerts:
-  [ - <alert> ]
-```
-
-#### `<alert>`
-
-```
-# These are the expanded labels and annotations of the expected alert.
-# Note: labels also include the labels of the sample associated with the alert
-exp_labels:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
-exp_annotations:
-  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
-```
-
-#### `<metricsql_expr_test>`
-
-```
-# Expression to evaluate
-expr: <string>
-
-# The time elapsed from time=0s when this expression be evaluated.
-eval_time: <duration>
-
-# Expected samples at the given evaluation time.
-exp_samples:
-  [ - <sample> ]
-```
-
-#### `<sample>`
-
-```
-# Labels of the sample in usual series notation '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
-# Examples:
-#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
-#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
-labels: <string>
-
-# The expected value of the Metricsql expression.
-value: <number>
-```
-
-### Example
-
-This is an example input file for unit testing which will pass.
-`test.yaml` is the test file which follows the syntax above and `alerts.yaml` contains the alerting rules.
-
-With `rules.yaml` in the same directory, run `./vmalert -unittestFile=./unittest/testdata/test.yaml`.
-
-#### `test.yaml`
-
-```
-rule_files:
-  - rules.yaml
-
-evaluation_interval: 1m
-
-tests:
-  - interval: 1m
-    input_series:
-      - series: 'up{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}'
-        values: "0+0x1440"
-
-    metricsql_expr_test:
-      - expr: suquery_interval_test
-        eval_time: 4m
-        exp_samples:
-          - labels: '{__name__="suquery_interval_test", datacenter="dc-123", instance="localhost:9090", job="prometheus"}'
-            value: 1
-
-    alert_rule_test:
-      - eval_time: 2h
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              job: prometheus
-              severity: page
-              instance: localhost:9090
-              datacenter: dc-123
-            exp_annotations:
-              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
-              description: "localhost:9090 of job prometheus has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: AlwaysFiring
-        exp_alerts:
-          - exp_labels:
-              datacenter: dc-123
-
-      - eval_time: 0
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: InstanceDown
-        exp_alerts: []
-
-    external_labels:
-      datacenter: dc-123
-```
-
-#### `alerts.yaml`
-
-```
-# This is the rules file.
-
-groups:
-  - name: group1
-    rules:
-      - alert: InstanceDown
-        expr: up == 0
-        for: 5m
-        labels:
-          severity: page
-        annotations:
-          summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
-          description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 5 minutes."
-      - alert: AlwaysFiring
-        expr: 1
-
-  - name: group2
-    rules:
-      - record: job:test:count_over_time1m
-        expr: sum without(instance) (count_over_time(test[1m]))
-      - record: suquery_interval_test
-        expr: count_over_time(up[5m:])
-```
-
 ## Monitoring
 
 `vmalert` exports various metrics in Prometheus exposition format at `http://vmalert-host:8880/metrics` page.
@@ -1546,11 +1303,6 @@ The shortlist of configuration flags is the following:
      Path to file with TLS key if -tls is set. The provided key file is automatically re-read every second, so it can be dynamically updated
   -tlsMinVersion string
      Optional minimum TLS version to use for incoming requests over HTTPS if -tls is set. Supported values: TLS10, TLS11, TLS12, TLS13
-  -unittestFile array
-     Path to the unit test files. When set, vmalert starts in unit test mode and performs only tests on configured files.
-     Examples:
-      -unittestFile="./unittest/testdata/test1.yaml,./unittest/testdata/test2.yaml".
-     See more information here https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#unit-testing-for-rules.
   -version
      Show VictoriaMetrics version
 ```
diff --git a/lib/promutils/duration.go b/lib/promutils/duration.go
index 8c5abe807..2fc57c52e 100644
--- a/lib/promutils/duration.go
+++ b/lib/promutils/duration.go
@@ -45,14 +45,6 @@ func (pd *Duration) Duration() time.Duration {
 	return pd.D
 }
 
-// ParseTime returns time for pd.
-func (pd *Duration) ParseTime() time.Time {
-	if pd == nil {
-		return time.Time{}
-	}
-	return time.UnixMilli(pd.Duration().Milliseconds())
-}
-
 // ParseDuration parses duration string in Prometheus format
 func ParseDuration(s string) (time.Duration, error) {
 	ms, err := metricsql.DurationValue(s, 0)