wip

lib/logstorage/json_parser.go

@@ -33,10 +33,15 @@ type JSONParser struct {
 }
 
 func (p *JSONParser) reset() {
+	p.resetNobuf()
+
+	p.buf = p.buf[:0]
+}
+
+func (p *JSONParser) resetNobuf() {
 	clear(p.Fields)
 	p.Fields = p.Fields[:0]
 
-	p.buf = p.buf[:0]
 	p.prefixBuf = p.prefixBuf[:0]
 }
 
@@ -90,6 +95,8 @@ func (p *JSONParser) parseLogMessage(msg, prefix string, resetBuf bool) error {
 	}
 	if resetBuf {
 		p.reset()
+	} else {
+		p.resetNobuf()
 	}
 	p.prefixBuf = append(p.prefixBuf[:0], prefix...)
 	p.Fields, p.buf, p.prefixBuf = appendLogFields(p.Fields, p.buf, p.prefixBuf, v)

lib/logstorage/parser_test.go

@@ -1008,6 +1008,12 @@ func TestParseQuerySuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	f(`* | unpack_json from x`, `* | unpack_json from x`)
 	f(`* | unpack_json from x result_prefix y`, `* | unpack_json from x result_prefix y`)
 
+	// unpack_logfmt pipe
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt`, `* | unpack_logfmt`)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt result_prefix y`, `* | unpack_logfmt result_prefix y`)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from x`, `* | unpack_logfmt from x`)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from x result_prefix y`, `* | unpack_logfmt from x result_prefix y`)
+
 	// multiple different pipes
 	f(`* | fields foo, bar | limit 100 | stats by(foo,bar) count(baz) as qwert`, `* | fields foo, bar | limit 100 | stats by (foo, bar) count(baz) as qwert`)
 	f(`* | skip 100 | head 20 | skip 10`, `* | offset 100 | limit 20 | offset 10`)
@@ -1411,11 +1417,18 @@ func TestParseQueryFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	f(`foo | extract from x "<abc>" de`)
 
 	// invalid unpack_json pipe
-	f(`foo | extract_json bar`)
-	f(`foo | extract_json from`)
-	f(`foo | extract_json result_prefix`)
-	f(`foo | extract_json result_prefix x from y`)
-	f(`foo | extract_json from x result_prefix`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_json bar`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_json from`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_json result_prefix`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_json result_prefix x from y`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_json from x result_prefix`)
+
+	// invalid unpack_logfmt pipe
+	f(`foo | unpack_logfmt bar`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_logfmt from`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_logfmt result_prefix`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_logfmt result_prefix x from y`)
+	f(`foo | unpack_logfmt from x result_prefix`)
 }
 
 func TestQueryGetNeededColumns(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1574,6 +1587,13 @@ func TestQueryGetNeededColumns(t *testing.T) {
 	f(`* | unpack_json from s1 | rm f1`, `*`, `f1`)
 	f(`* | unpack_json from s1 | rm f1,s1`, `*`, `f1`)
 
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt`, `*`, ``)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from s1`, `*`, ``)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from s1 | fields f1`, `f1,s1`, ``)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from s1 | fields s1,f1`, `f1,s1`, ``)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from s1 | rm f1`, `*`, `f1`)
+	f(`* | unpack_logfmt from s1 | rm f1,s1`, `*`, `f1`)
+
 	f(`* | rm f1, f2`, `*`, `f1,f2`)
 	f(`* | rm f1, f2 | mv f2 f3`, `*`, `f1,f2,f3`)
 	f(`* | rm f1, f2 | cp f2 f3`, `*`, `f1,f2,f3`)

lib/logstorage/pipe.go

@@ -157,6 +157,12 @@ func parsePipe(lex *lexer) (pipe, error) {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse 'unpack_json' pipe: %w", err)
 		}
 		return pu, nil
+	case lex.isKeyword("unpack_logfmt"):
+		pu, err := parsePipeUnpackLogfmt(lex)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse 'unpack_logfmt' pipe: %w", err)
+		}
+		return pu, nil
 	default:
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected pipe %q", lex.token)
 	}

lib/logstorage/pipe_extract.go

@@ -252,8 +252,8 @@ func (ef *extractFormat) apply(s string) {
 			nextPrefix = steps[i+1].prefix
 		}
 
-		us, nOffset, ok := tryUnquoteString(s)
-		if ok {
+		us, nOffset := tryUnquoteString(s)
+		if nOffset >= 0 {
 			// Matched quoted string
 			matches[i] = us
 			s = s[nOffset:]
@@ -279,22 +279,22 @@ func (ef *extractFormat) apply(s string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func tryUnquoteString(s string) (string, int, bool) {
+func tryUnquoteString(s string) (string, int) {
 	if len(s) == 0 {
-		return s, 0, false
+		return s, -1
 	}
 	if s[0] != '"' && s[0] != '`' {
-		return s, 0, false
+		return s, -1
 	}
 	qp, err := strconv.QuotedPrefix(s)
 	if err != nil {
-		return s, 0, false
+		return s, -1
 	}
 	us, err := strconv.Unquote(qp)
 	if err != nil {
-		return s, 0, false
+		return s, -1
 	}
-	return us, len(qp), true
+	return us, len(qp)
 }
 
 func parseExtractFormatSteps(s string) ([]extractFormatStep, error) {

lib/logstorage/pipe_unpack_json.go

@@ -60,72 +60,9 @@ type pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShard struct {
 }
 
 type pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShardNopad struct {
-	jsonParser JSONParser
+	p JSONParser
 
-	rcs []resultColumn
-	br  blockResult
-
-	valuesLen int
-}
-
-func (shard *pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShard) writeRow(ppBase pipeProcessor, br *blockResult, cs []*blockResultColumn, rowIdx int, extraFields []Field) {
-	rcs := shard.rcs
-
-	areEqualColumns := len(rcs) == len(cs)+len(extraFields)
-	if areEqualColumns {
-		for i, f := range extraFields {
-			if rcs[len(cs)+i].name != f.Name {
-				areEqualColumns = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if !areEqualColumns {
-		// send the current block to bbBase and construct a block with new set of columns
-		shard.flush(ppBase)
-
-		rcs = shard.rcs[:0]
-		for _, c := range cs {
-			rcs = appendResultColumnWithName(rcs, c.name)
-		}
-		for _, f := range extraFields {
-			rcs = appendResultColumnWithName(rcs, f.Name)
-		}
-		shard.rcs = rcs
-	}
-
-	for i, c := range cs {
-		v := c.getValueAtRow(br, rowIdx)
-		rcs[i].addValue(v)
-		shard.valuesLen += len(v)
-	}
-	for i, f := range extraFields {
-		v := f.Value
-		rcs[len(cs)+i].addValue(v)
-		shard.valuesLen += len(v)
-	}
-	if shard.valuesLen >= 1_000_000 {
-		shard.flush(ppBase)
-	}
-}
-
-func (shard *pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShard) flush(ppBase pipeProcessor) {
-	rcs := shard.rcs
-
-	shard.valuesLen = 0
-
-	if len(rcs) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Flush rcs to ppBase
-	br := &shard.br
-	br.setResultColumns(rcs)
-	ppBase.writeBlock(0, br)
-	br.reset()
-	for i := range rcs {
-		rcs[i].resetValues()
-	}
+	wctx pipeUnpackWriteContext
 }
 
 func (shard *pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShard) parseJSON(v, resultPrefix string) []Field {
@@ -133,11 +70,11 @@ func (shard *pipeUnpackJSONProcessorShard) parseJSON(v, resultPrefix string) []F
 		// This isn't a JSON object
 		return nil
 	}
-	if err := shard.jsonParser.ParseLogMessageNoResetBuf(v, resultPrefix); err != nil {
+	if err := shard.p.ParseLogMessageNoResetBuf(v, resultPrefix); err != nil {
 		// Cannot parse v
 		return nil
 	}
-	return shard.jsonParser.Fields
+	return shard.p.Fields
 }
 
 func (pup *pipeUnpackJSONProcessor) writeBlock(workerID uint, br *blockResult) {
@@ -147,14 +84,15 @@ func (pup *pipeUnpackJSONProcessor) writeBlock(workerID uint, br *blockResult) {
 
 	resultPrefix := pup.pu.resultPrefix
 	shard := &pup.shards[workerID]
+	wctx := &shard.wctx
+	wctx.init(br, pup.ppBase)
 
-	cs := br.getColumns()
 	c := br.getColumnByName(pup.pu.fromField)
 	if c.isConst {
 		v := c.valuesEncoded[0]
 		extraFields := shard.parseJSON(v, resultPrefix)
 		for rowIdx := range br.timestamps {
-			shard.writeRow(pup.ppBase, br, cs, rowIdx, extraFields)
+			wctx.writeRow(rowIdx, extraFields)
 		}
 	} else {
 		values := c.getValues(br)
@@ -163,12 +101,12 @@ func (pup *pipeUnpackJSONProcessor) writeBlock(workerID uint, br *blockResult) {
 			if i == 0 || values[i-1] != v {
 				extraFields = shard.parseJSON(v, resultPrefix)
 			}
-			shard.writeRow(pup.ppBase, br, cs, i, extraFields)
+			wctx.writeRow(i, extraFields)
 		}
 	}
 
-	shard.flush(pup.ppBase)
-	shard.jsonParser.reset()
+	wctx.flush()
+	shard.p.reset()
 }
 
 func (pup *pipeUnpackJSONProcessor) flush() error {

lib/logstorage/pipe_unpack_json_test.go

@@ -133,6 +133,35 @@ func TestPipeUnpackJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
+	// multiple rows with distinct number of fields with result_prefix
+	f("unpack_json from x result_prefix qwe_", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `{"foo":"bar","baz":"xyz"}`},
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `foobar`},
+			{"x", `{"z":["bar",123]}`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `{"foo":"bar","baz":"xyz"}`},
+			{"y", "abc"},
+			{"qwe_foo", "bar"},
+			{"qwe_baz", "xyz"},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `foobar`},
+			{"x", `{"z":["bar",123]}`},
+			{"qwe_z", `["bar",123]`},
+		},
+	})
 }
 
 func expectPipeResults(t *testing.T, pipeStr string, rows, rowsExpected [][]Field) {

lib/logstorage/pipe_unpack_logfmt.go

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+package logstorage
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+)
+
+// pipeUnpackLogfmt processes '| unpack_logfmt ...' pipe.
+//
+// See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victorialogs/logsql/#unpack_logfmt-pipe
+type pipeUnpackLogfmt struct {
+	fromField string
+
+	resultPrefix string
+}
+
+func (pu *pipeUnpackLogfmt) String() string {
+	s := "unpack_logfmt"
+	if !isMsgFieldName(pu.fromField) {
+		s += " from " + quoteTokenIfNeeded(pu.fromField)
+	}
+	if pu.resultPrefix != "" {
+		s += " result_prefix " + quoteTokenIfNeeded(pu.resultPrefix)
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (pu *pipeUnpackLogfmt) updateNeededFields(neededFields, unneededFields fieldsSet) {
+	if neededFields.contains("*") {
+		unneededFields.remove(pu.fromField)
+	} else {
+		neededFields.add(pu.fromField)
+	}
+}
+
+func (pu *pipeUnpackLogfmt) newPipeProcessor(workersCount int, _ <-chan struct{}, _ func(), ppBase pipeProcessor) pipeProcessor {
+	shards := make([]pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShard, workersCount)
+
+	pup := &pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessor{
+		pu:     pu,
+		ppBase: ppBase,
+
+		shards: shards,
+	}
+	return pup
+}
+
+type pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessor struct {
+	pu     *pipeUnpackLogfmt
+	ppBase pipeProcessor
+
+	shards []pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShard
+}
+
+type pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShard struct {
+	pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShardNopad
+
+	// The padding prevents false sharing on widespread platforms with 128 mod (cache line size) = 0 .
+	_ [128 - unsafe.Sizeof(pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShardNopad{})%128]byte
+}
+
+type pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessorShardNopad struct {
+	p logfmtParser
+
+	wctx pipeUnpackWriteContext
+}
+
+func (pup *pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessor) writeBlock(workerID uint, br *blockResult) {
+	if len(br.timestamps) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	resultPrefix := pup.pu.resultPrefix
+	shard := &pup.shards[workerID]
+	wctx := &shard.wctx
+	wctx.init(br, pup.ppBase)
+
+	c := br.getColumnByName(pup.pu.fromField)
+	if c.isConst {
+		v := c.valuesEncoded[0]
+		extraFields := shard.p.parse(v, resultPrefix)
+		for rowIdx := range br.timestamps {
+			wctx.writeRow(rowIdx, extraFields)
+		}
+	} else {
+		values := c.getValues(br)
+		var extraFields []Field
+		for i, v := range values {
+			if i == 0 || values[i-1] != v {
+				extraFields = shard.p.parse(v, resultPrefix)
+			}
+			wctx.writeRow(i, extraFields)
+		}
+	}
+
+	wctx.flush()
+	shard.p.reset()
+}
+
+func (pup *pipeUnpackLogfmtProcessor) flush() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func parsePipeUnpackLogfmt(lex *lexer) (*pipeUnpackLogfmt, error) {
+	if !lex.isKeyword("unpack_logfmt") {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected token: %q; want %q", lex.token, "unpack_logfmt")
+	}
+	lex.nextToken()
+
+	fromField := "_msg"
+	if lex.isKeyword("from") {
+		lex.nextToken()
+		f, err := parseFieldName(lex)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse 'from' field name: %w", err)
+		}
+		fromField = f
+	}
+
+	resultPrefix := ""
+	if lex.isKeyword("result_prefix") {
+		lex.nextToken()
+		p, err := getCompoundToken(lex)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse 'result_prefix': %w", err)
+		}
+		resultPrefix = p
+	}
+
+	pu := &pipeUnpackLogfmt{
+		fromField:    fromField,
+		resultPrefix: resultPrefix,
+	}
+	return pu, nil
+}
+
+type pipeUnpackWriteContext struct {
+	brSrc  *blockResult
+	csSrc  []*blockResultColumn
+	ppBase pipeProcessor
+
+	rcs []resultColumn
+	br  blockResult
+
+	valuesLen int
+}
+
+func (wctx *pipeUnpackWriteContext) init(brSrc *blockResult, ppBase pipeProcessor) {
+	wctx.brSrc = brSrc
+	wctx.csSrc = brSrc.getColumns()
+	wctx.ppBase = ppBase
+}
+
+func (wctx *pipeUnpackWriteContext) writeRow(rowIdx int, extraFields []Field) {
+	csSrc := wctx.csSrc
+	rcs := wctx.rcs
+
+	areEqualColumns := len(rcs) == len(csSrc)+len(extraFields)
+	if areEqualColumns {
+		for i, f := range extraFields {
+			if rcs[len(csSrc)+i].name != f.Name {
+				areEqualColumns = false
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !areEqualColumns {
+		// send the current block to bbBase and construct a block with new set of columns
+		wctx.flush()
+
+		rcs = wctx.rcs[:0]
+		for _, c := range csSrc {
+			rcs = appendResultColumnWithName(rcs, c.name)
+		}
+		for _, f := range extraFields {
+			rcs = appendResultColumnWithName(rcs, f.Name)
+		}
+		wctx.rcs = rcs
+	}
+
+	brSrc := wctx.brSrc
+	for i, c := range csSrc {
+		v := c.getValueAtRow(brSrc, rowIdx)
+		rcs[i].addValue(v)
+		wctx.valuesLen += len(v)
+	}
+	for i, f := range extraFields {
+		v := f.Value
+		rcs[len(csSrc)+i].addValue(v)
+		wctx.valuesLen += len(v)
+	}
+	if wctx.valuesLen >= 1_000_000 {
+		wctx.flush()
+	}
+}
+
+func (wctx *pipeUnpackWriteContext) flush() {
+	rcs := wctx.rcs
+
+	wctx.valuesLen = 0
+
+	if len(rcs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Flush rcs to ppBase
+	br := &wctx.br
+	br.setResultColumns(rcs)
+	wctx.ppBase.writeBlock(0, br)
+	br.reset()
+	for i := range rcs {
+		rcs[i].resetValues()
+	}
+}
+
+type logfmtParser struct {
+	Fields []Field
+
+	buf []byte
+}
+
+func (p *logfmtParser) reset() {
+	clear(p.Fields)
+	p.Fields = p.Fields[:0]
+
+	p.buf = p.buf[:0]
+}
+
+func (p *logfmtParser) parse(s, resultPrefix string) []Field {
+	clear(p.Fields)
+	p.Fields = p.Fields[:0]
+
+	for {
+		// Search for field name
+		n := strings.IndexByte(s, '=')
+		if n < 0 {
+			// field name couldn't be read
+			return p.Fields
+		}
+
+		name := strings.TrimSpace(s[:n])
+		s = s[n+1:]
+		if len(s) == 0 {
+			p.addField(name, "", resultPrefix)
+			return p.Fields
+		}
+
+		// Search for field value
+		value, nOffset := tryUnquoteString(s)
+		if nOffset >= 0 {
+			p.addField(name, value, resultPrefix)
+			s = s[nOffset:]
+			if len(s) == 0 {
+				return p.Fields
+			}
+			if s[0] != ' ' {
+				return p.Fields
+			}
+			s = s[1:]
+		} else {
+			n := strings.IndexByte(s, ' ')
+			if n < 0 {
+				p.addField(name, s, resultPrefix)
+				return p.Fields
+			}
+			p.addField(name, s[:n], resultPrefix)
+			s = s[n+1:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *logfmtParser) addField(name, value, resultPrefix string) {
+	if resultPrefix != "" {
+		buf := p.buf
+		bufLen := len(buf)
+		buf = append(buf, resultPrefix...)
+		buf = append(buf, name...)
+		p.buf = buf
+
+		name = bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(buf[bufLen:])
+	}
+	p.Fields = append(p.Fields, Field{
+		Name:  name,
+		Value: value,
+	})
+}

lib/logstorage/pipe_unpack_logfmt_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+package logstorage
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestPipeUnpackLogfmt(t *testing.T) {
+	f := func(pipeStr string, rows, rowsExpected [][]Field) {
+		t.Helper()
+		expectPipeResults(t, pipeStr, rows, rowsExpected)
+	}
+
+	// single row, unpack from _msg
+	f("unpack_logfmt", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", `foo=bar baz="x y=z" a=b`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", `foo=bar baz="x y=z" a=b`},
+			{"foo", "bar"},
+			{"baz", "x y=z"},
+			{"a", "b"},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// single row, unpack from _msg into _msg
+	f("unpack_logfmt", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", `_msg=bar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", "bar"},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// single row, unpack from missing field
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", `foo=bar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"_msg", `foo=bar`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// single row, unpack from non-json field
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// single row, unpack from non-logfmt
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// unpack empty value
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar=`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foobar=`},
+			{"foobar", ""},
+		},
+	})
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo="" bar= baz=`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo="" bar= baz=`},
+			{"foo", ""},
+			{"bar", ""},
+			{"baz", ""},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// multiple rows with distinct number of fields
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo=bar baz=xyz`},
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `foobar`},
+			{"x", `z=bar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo=bar baz=xyz`},
+			{"y", "abc"},
+			{"foo", "bar"},
+			{"baz", "xyz"},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `bar`},
+			{"x", `z=bar`},
+		},
+	})
+
+	// multiple rows with distinct number of fields, with result_prefix
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x result_prefix qwe_", [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo=bar baz=xyz`},
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `foobar`},
+			{"x", `z=bar`},
+		},
+	}, [][]Field{
+		{
+			{"x", `foo=bar baz=xyz`},
+			{"y", "abc"},
+			{"qwe_foo", "bar"},
+			{"qwe_baz", "xyz"},
+		},
+		{
+			{"y", `abc`},
+		},
+		{
+			{"z", `foobar`},
+			{"x", `z=bar`},
+			{"qwe_z", `bar`},
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func TestPipeUnpackLogfmtUpdateNeededFields(t *testing.T) {
+	f := func(s string, neededFields, unneededFields, neededFieldsExpected, unneededFieldsExpected string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		expectPipeNeededFields(t, s, neededFields, unneededFields, neededFieldsExpected, unneededFieldsExpected)
+	}
+
+	// all the needed fields
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", "*", "", "*", "")
+
+	// all the needed fields, unneeded fields do not intersect with src
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", "*", "f1,f2", "*", "f1,f2")
+
+	// all the needed fields, unneeded fields intersect with src
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", "*", "f2,x", "*", "f2")
+
+	// needed fields do not intersect with src
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", "f1,f2", "", "f1,f2,x", "")
+
+	// needed fields intersect with src
+	f("unpack_logfmt from x", "f2,x", "", "f2,x", "")
+}