VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/alerting_test.go
Roman Khavronenko 2a259ef5e7
vmalert: support rules backfilling (aka replay) (#1358)
* vmalert: support rules backfilling (aka `replay`)

vmalert can `replay` configured rules in the past
and backfill results via remote write protocol.
It supports MetricsQL/PromQL storage as data source,
and can backfill data to remote write compatible
storage.

Supports recording and alerting rules `replay`. See more
details in README.

https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/836

* vmalert: review fixes

* vmalert: readme fixes
2021-06-09 12:20:38 +03:00

743 lines
22 KiB
Go

package main
import (
"context"
"errors"
"reflect"
"strings"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
)
func TestAlertingRule_ToTimeSeries(t *testing.T) {
timestamp := time.Now()
testCases := []struct {
rule *AlertingRule
alert *notifier.Alert
expTS []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
}{
{
newTestAlertingRule("instant", 0),
&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring},
[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
"__name__": alertMetricName,
alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
alertNameLabel: "instant",
}),
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("instant extra labels", 0),
&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
"job": "foo",
"instance": "bar",
}},
[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
"__name__": alertMetricName,
alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
alertNameLabel: "instant extra labels",
"job": "foo",
"instance": "bar",
}),
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("instant labels override", 0),
&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
alertStateLabel: "foo",
"__name__": "bar",
}},
[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
"__name__": alertMetricName,
alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
alertNameLabel: "instant labels override",
}),
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for", time.Second),
&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: timestamp.Add(time.Second)},
[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
"__name__": alertMetricName,
alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
alertNameLabel: "for",
}),
newTimeSeries([]float64{float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix())},
[]int64{timestamp.UnixNano()},
map[string]string{
"__name__": alertForStateMetricName,
alertNameLabel: "for",
}),
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for pending", 10*time.Second),
&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: timestamp.Add(time.Second)},
[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
"__name__": alertMetricName,
alertStateLabel: notifier.StatePending.String(),
alertNameLabel: "for pending",
}),
newTimeSeries([]float64{float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix())},
[]int64{timestamp.UnixNano()},
map[string]string{
"__name__": alertForStateMetricName,
alertNameLabel: "for pending",
}),
},
},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
tc.rule.alerts[tc.alert.ID] = tc.alert
tss := tc.rule.toTimeSeries(timestamp.Unix())
if err := compareTimeSeries(t, tc.expTS, tss); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("timeseries missmatch: %s", err)
}
})
}
}
func TestAlertingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
const defaultStep = 5 * time.Millisecond
testCases := []struct {
rule *AlertingRule
steps [][]datasource.Metric
expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
}{
{
newTestAlertingRule("empty", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("empty labels", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{datasource.Metric{Values: []float64{1}, Timestamps: []int64{1}}},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(datasource.Metric{}): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive=>empty", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive=>empty=>firing", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{},
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("multiple-firing", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{
metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo"),
metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1"),
metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2"),
},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("multiple-steps-firing", 0),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")},
},
// 1: fire first alert
// 2: fire second alert, set first inactive
// 3: fire third alert, set second inactive, delete first one
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending", time.Minute),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StatePending},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-fired", defaultStep),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>empty", time.Second),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
// empty step to reset and delete pending alerts
{},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive", defaultStep),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
// empty step to reset pending alerts
{},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive=>pending", defaultStep),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
// empty step to reset pending alerts
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StatePending},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive=>pending=>firing", defaultStep),
[][]datasource.Metric{
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
// empty step to reset pending alerts
{},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
}
fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
fq := &fakeQuerier{}
tc.rule.q = fq
tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
for _, step := range tc.steps {
fq.reset()
fq.add(step...)
if _, err := tc.rule.Exec(context.TODO()); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
}
// artificial delay between applying steps
time.Sleep(defaultStep)
}
if len(tc.rule.alerts) != len(tc.expAlerts) {
t.Fatalf("expected %d alerts; got %d", len(tc.expAlerts), len(tc.rule.alerts))
}
for key, exp := range tc.expAlerts {
got, ok := tc.rule.alerts[key]
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("expected to have key %d", key)
}
if got.State != exp.State {
t.Fatalf("expected state %d; got %d", exp.State, got.State)
}
}
})
}
}
func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
rule *AlertingRule
data []datasource.Metric
expAlerts []*notifier.Alert
}{
{
newTestAlertingRule("empty", 0),
[]datasource.Metric{},
nil,
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("empty labels", 0),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1}, Timestamps: []int64{1}},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing", 0),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo"),
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{
Labels: map[string]string{"name": "foo"},
State: notifier.StateFiring,
},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("single-firing-on-range", 0),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1e3, 2e3, 3e3}},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StateFiring},
{State: notifier.StateFiring},
{State: notifier.StateFiring},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-pending", time.Second),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 3, 5}},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(3, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(5, 0)},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for-firing", 3*time.Second),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 3, 5}},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("for=>pending=>firing=>pending=>firing=>pending", time.Second),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 2, 5, 6, 20}},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(5, 0)},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: time.Unix(5, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(20, 0)},
},
},
{
newTestAlertingRule("multi-series-for=>pending=>pending=>firing", 3*time.Second),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 3, 5}},
{Values: []float64{1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 5},
Labels: []datasource.Label{{Name: "foo", Value: "bar"}},
},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: time.Unix(1, 0)},
//
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(1, 0),
Labels: map[string]string{
"foo": "bar",
}},
{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: time.Unix(5, 0),
Labels: map[string]string{
"foo": "bar",
}},
},
},
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("multi-series-firing", "source", "vm"),
[]datasource.Metric{
{Values: []float64{1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 100}},
{Values: []float64{1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 5},
Labels: []datasource.Label{{Name: "foo", Value: "bar"}},
},
},
[]*notifier.Alert{
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
"source": "vm",
}},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
"source": "vm",
}},
//
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
"foo": "bar",
"source": "vm",
}},
{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
"foo": "bar",
"source": "vm",
}},
},
},
}
fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_ExecRange"}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
fq := &fakeQuerier{}
tc.rule.q = fq
tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
fq.add(tc.data...)
gotTS, err := tc.rule.ExecRange(context.TODO(), time.Now(), time.Now())
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
}
var expTS []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
var j int
for _, series := range tc.data {
for _, timestamp := range series.Timestamps {
expTS = append(expTS, tc.rule.alertToTimeSeries(tc.expAlerts[j], timestamp)...)
j++
}
}
if len(gotTS) != len(expTS) {
t.Fatalf("expected %d time series; got %d", len(expTS), len(gotTS))
}
for i := range expTS {
got, exp := gotTS[i], expTS[i]
if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, exp) {
t.Fatalf("%d: expected \n%v but got \n%v", i, exp, got)
}
}
})
}
}
func TestAlertingRule_Restore(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
rule *AlertingRule
metrics []datasource.Metric
expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
}{
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("no extra labels"),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
alertNameLabel, "",
),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(datasource.Metric{}): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
},
},
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("metric labels"),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
alertNameLabel, "",
alertGroupNameLabel, "groupID",
"foo", "bar",
"namespace", "baz",
),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t,
"foo", "bar",
"namespace", "baz",
)): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
},
},
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("rule labels", "source", "vm"),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
alertNameLabel, "",
"foo", "bar",
"namespace", "baz",
// extra labels set by rule
"source", "vm",
),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t,
"foo", "bar",
"namespace", "baz",
"source", "vm",
)): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
},
},
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("multiple alerts"),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
"host", "localhost-1",
),
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(2*time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
"host", "localhost-2",
),
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(3*time.Hour).Unix()),
"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
"host", "localhost-3",
),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-1")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-2")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(2 * time.Hour)},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-3")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
Start: time.Now().Truncate(3 * time.Hour)},
},
},
}
fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
fq := &fakeQuerier{}
tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
tc.rule.q = fq
fq.add(tc.metrics...)
if err := tc.rule.Restore(context.TODO(), fq, time.Hour, nil); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
}
if len(tc.rule.alerts) != len(tc.expAlerts) {
t.Fatalf("expected %d alerts; got %d", len(tc.expAlerts), len(tc.rule.alerts))
}
for key, exp := range tc.expAlerts {
got, ok := tc.rule.alerts[key]
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("expected to have key %d", key)
}
if got.State != exp.State {
t.Fatalf("expected state %d; got %d", exp.State, got.State)
}
if got.Start != exp.Start {
t.Fatalf("expected Start %v; got %v", exp.Start, got.Start)
}
}
})
}
}
func TestAlertingRule_Exec_Negative(t *testing.T) {
fq := &fakeQuerier{}
ar := newTestAlertingRule("test", 0)
ar.Labels = map[string]string{"job": "test"}
ar.q = fq
// successful attempt
fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "bar"))
_, err := ar.Exec(context.TODO())
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// label `job` will collide with rule extra label and will make both time series equal
fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "baz"))
_, err = ar.Exec(context.TODO())
if !errors.Is(err, errDuplicate) {
t.Fatalf("expected to have %s error; got %s", errDuplicate, err)
}
fq.reset()
expErr := "connection reset by peer"
fq.setErr(errors.New(expErr))
_, err = ar.Exec(context.TODO())
if err == nil {
t.Fatalf("expected to get err; got nil")
}
if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), expErr) {
t.Fatalf("expected to get err %q; got %q insterad", expErr, err)
}
}
func TestAlertingRule_Template(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
rule *AlertingRule
metrics []datasource.Metric
expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
}{
{
newTestRuleWithLabels("common", "region", "east"),
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "instance", "foo"),
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "instance", "bar"),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "foo")): {
Annotations: map[string]string{},
Labels: map[string]string{
"region": "east",
"instance": "foo",
},
},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "bar")): {
Annotations: map[string]string{},
Labels: map[string]string{
"region": "east",
"instance": "bar",
},
},
},
},
{
&AlertingRule{
Name: "override label",
Labels: map[string]string{
"instance": "{{ $labels.instance }}",
"region": "east",
},
Annotations: map[string]string{
"summary": `Too high connection number for "{{ $labels.instance }}" for region {{ $labels.region }}`,
"description": `It is {{ $value }} connections for "{{ $labels.instance }}"`,
},
alerts: make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert),
},
[]datasource.Metric{
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "instance", "foo"),
metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 10, "instance", "bar"),
},
map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "foo")): {
Labels: map[string]string{
"instance": "foo",
"region": "east",
},
Annotations: map[string]string{
"summary": `Too high connection number for "foo" for region east`,
"description": `It is 2 connections for "foo"`,
},
},
hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "bar")): {
Labels: map[string]string{
"instance": "bar",
"region": "east",
},
Annotations: map[string]string{
"summary": `Too high connection number for "bar" for region east`,
"description": `It is 10 connections for "bar"`,
},
},
},
},
}
fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
for _, tc := range testCases {
t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
fq := &fakeQuerier{}
tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
tc.rule.q = fq
fq.add(tc.metrics...)
if _, err := tc.rule.Exec(context.TODO()); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
}
for hash, expAlert := range tc.expAlerts {
gotAlert := tc.rule.alerts[hash]
if gotAlert == nil {
t.Fatalf("alert %d is missing; labels: %v; annotations: %v",
hash, expAlert.Labels, expAlert.Annotations)
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(expAlert.Annotations, gotAlert.Annotations) {
t.Fatalf("expected to have annotations %#v; got %#v", expAlert.Annotations, gotAlert.Annotations)
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(expAlert.Labels, gotAlert.Labels) {
t.Fatalf("expected to have labels %#v; got %#v", expAlert.Labels, gotAlert.Labels)
}
}
})
}
}
func newTestRuleWithLabels(name string, labels ...string) *AlertingRule {
r := newTestAlertingRule(name, 0)
r.Labels = make(map[string]string)
for i := 0; i < len(labels); i += 2 {
r.Labels[labels[i]] = labels[i+1]
}
return r
}
func newTestAlertingRule(name string, waitFor time.Duration) *AlertingRule {
return &AlertingRule{Name: name, alerts: make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert), For: waitFor, EvalInterval: waitFor}
}