VictoriaMetrics/docs/guides/k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single.md
hagen1778 0a5ffb3bc1
docs: remove slug from Grafana dashboard URLs
Each Grafana dashboard has unique ID which can be used to fetch the dashboard
from grafana.com: https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11176
The same dashboard can be accessed via URL with slug: https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11176-victoriametrics-cluster/
But using slug implies that any change to dashboard name will break the link.
So it is better to just use ID, so the dashboard URL will never break.

This is follow-up for ff33e60a3d

Signed-off-by: hagen1778 <roman@victoriametrics.com>
2024-01-18 11:19:53 +01:00

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---
weight: 2
title: Kubernetes monitoring via VictoriaMetrics Single
menu:
docs:
parent: "guides"
weight: 2
aliases:
- /guides/k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single.html
---
# Kubernetes monitoring via VictoriaMetrics Single
**This guide covers:**
* The setup of a [VictoriaMetrics Single](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html) in [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/) via Helm charts
* How to scrape metrics from k8s components using service discovery
* How to visualize stored data
* How to store metrics in [VictoriaMetrics](https://victoriametrics.com) tsdb
**Precondition**
We will use:
* [Kubernetes cluster 1.19.9-gke.1900](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine)
> We use GKE cluster from [GCP](https://cloud.google.com/) but this guide is also applied on any Kubernetes cluster. For example [Amazon EKS](https://aws.amazon.com/ru/eks/).
* [Helm 3 ](https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install)
* [kubectl 1.21](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl)
<p align="center">
<img src="k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single_k8s-scheme.webp" width="800" alt="VictoriaMetrics Single on Kubernetes cluster">
</p>
## 1. VictoriaMetrics Helm repository
> For this guide we will use Helm 3 but if you already use Helm 2 please see this [https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts#for-helm-v2](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts#for-helm-v2)
You need to add the VictoriaMetrics Helm repository to install VictoriaMetrics components. Were going to use [VictoriaMetrics Single](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html). You can do this by running the following command:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
helm repo add vm https://victoriametrics.github.io/helm-charts/
```
</div>
Update Helm repositories:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
helm repo update
```
</div>
To verify that everything is set up correctly you may run this command:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
helm search repo vm/
```
</div>
The expected output is:
```console
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
vm/victoria-metrics-agent 0.7.20 v1.62.0 Victoria Metrics Agent - collects metrics from ...
vm/victoria-metrics-alert 0.3.34 v1.62.0 Victoria Metrics Alert - executes a list of giv...
vm/victoria-metrics-auth 0.2.23 1.62.0 Victoria Metrics Auth - is a simple auth proxy ...
vm/victoria-metrics-cluster 0.8.32 1.62.0 Victoria Metrics Cluster version - high-perform...
vm/victoria-metrics-k8s-stack 0.2.9 1.16.0 Kubernetes monitoring on VictoriaMetrics stack....
vm/victoria-metrics-operator 0.1.17 0.16.0 Victoria Metrics Operator
vm/victoria-metrics-single 0.7.5 1.62.0 Victoria Metrics Single version - high-performa...
```
## 2. Install [VictoriaMetrics Single](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html) from Helm Chart
Run this command in your terminal:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">.html
```console
helm install vmsingle vm/victoria-metrics-single -f https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/guide-vmsingle-values.yaml
```
Here is full file content `guide-vmsingle-values.yaml`
```yaml
server:
scrape:
enabled: true
configMap: ""
config:
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: victoriametrics
static_configs:
- targets: [ "localhost:8428" ]
- job_name: "kubernetes-apiservers"
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- source_labels:
[
__meta_kubernetes_namespace,
__meta_kubernetes_service_name,
__meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name,
]
action: keep
regex: default;kubernetes;https
- job_name: "kubernetes-nodes"
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [ __meta_kubernetes_node_name ]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/$1/proxy/metrics
- job_name: "kubernetes-nodes-cadvisor"
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
insecure_skip_verify: true
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [ __meta_kubernetes_node_name ]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/$1/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
metric_relabel_configs:
- action: replace
source_labels: [pod]
regex: '(.+)'
target_label: pod_name
replacement: '${1}'
- action: replace
source_labels: [container]
regex: '(.+)'
target_label: container_name
replacement: '${1}'
- action: replace
target_label: name
replacement: k8s_stub
- action: replace
source_labels: [id]
regex: '^/system\.slice/(.+)\.service$'
target_label: systemd_service_name
replacement: '${1}'
```
</div>
* By running `helm install vmsingle vm/victoria-metrics-single` we install [VictoriaMetrics Single](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html) to default [namespace](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/) inside your cluster
* By adding `scrape: enable: true` we add and enable autodiscovery scraping from kubernetes cluster to [VictoriaMetrics Single](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html)
* On line 166 from [https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/guide-vmsingle-values.yaml](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/guide-vmsingle-values.yaml) we added `metric_relabel_configs` section that will help us to show Kubernetes metrics on Grafana dashboard.
As a result of the command you will see the following output:
```console
NAME: victoria-metrics
LAST DEPLOYED: Fri Jun 25 12:06:13 2021
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
The VictoriaMetrics write api can be accessed via port 8428 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server.default.svc.cluster.local
Metrics Ingestion:
Get the Victoria Metrics service URL by running these commands in the same shell:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app=server" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8428
Write url inside the kubernetes cluster:
http://vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server.default.svc.cluster.local:8428/api/v1/write
Metrics Scrape:
Pull-based scrapes are enabled
Scrape config can be displayed by running this command::
kubectl get cm vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server-scrapeconfig -n default
The targets information is accessible via api:
Inside cluster:
http://vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server.default.svc.cluster.local:8428/targets
Outside cluster:
You need to port-forward service (see instructions above) and call
http://<service-host-port>/targets
Read Data:
The following url can be used as the datasource url in Grafana::
http://vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server.default.svc.cluster.local:8428
```
For us its important to remember the url for the datasource (copy lines from output).
Verify that VictoriaMetrics pod is up and running by executing the following command:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
kubectl get pods
```
</div>
The expected output is:
```console
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server-0 1/1 Running 0 68s
```
## 3. Install and connect Grafana to VictoriaMetrics with Helm
Add the Grafana Helm repository.
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update
```
</div>
By installing the Chart with the release name `my-grafana`, you add the VictoriaMetrics datasource with official dashboard and kubernetes dashboard:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```yaml
cat <<EOF | helm install my-grafana grafana/grafana -f -
datasources:
datasources.yaml:
apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: victoriametrics
type: prometheus
orgId: 1
url: http://vmsingle-victoria-metrics-single-server.default.svc.cluster.local:8428
access: proxy
isDefault: true
updateIntervalSeconds: 10
editable: true
dashboardProviders:
dashboardproviders.yaml:
apiVersion: 1
providers:
- name: 'default'
orgId: 1
folder: ''
type: file
disableDeletion: true
editable: true
options:
path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/default
dashboards:
default:
victoriametrics:
gnetId: 10229
revision: 22
datasource: victoriametrics
kubernetes:
gnetId: 14205
revision: 1
datasource: victoriametrics
EOF
```
</div>
By running this command we:
* Install Grafana from Helm repository.
* Provision VictoriaMetrics datasource with the url from the output above which we copied before.
* Add this [https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10229-victoriametrics/](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10229/) dashboard for VictoriaMetrics.
* Add this [https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/14205-kubernetes-cluster-monitoring-via-prometheus/](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/14205-kubernetes-cluster-monitoring-via-prometheus/) dashboard to see Kubernetes cluster metrics.
Check the output log in your terminal.
To see the password for Grafana `admin` user use the following command:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
kubectl get secret --namespace default my-grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo
```
</div>
Expose Grafana service on `127.0.0.1:3000`:
<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
```console
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=grafana,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-grafana" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 3000
```
</div>
Now Grafana should be accessible on the [http://127.0.0.1:3000](http://127.0.0.1:3000) address.
## 4. Check the obtained result in your browser
To check that VictoriaMetrics has collects metrics from the k8s cluster open in browser [http://127.0.0.1:3000/dashboards](http://127.0.0.1:3000/dashboards) and choose `Kubernetes Cluster Monitoring (via Prometheus)` dashboard. Use `admin` for login and `password` that you previously obtained from kubectl.
<p align="center">
<img src="k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single_grafana-dashboards.webp" width="800" alt="">
</p>
You will see something like this:
<p align="center">
<img src="k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single_grafana-k8s-dashboard.webp" width="800" alt="">
</p>
VictoriaMetrics dashboard also available to use:
<p align="center">
<img src="k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single_grafana.webp" width="800" alt="">
</p>
## 5. Final thoughts
* We have set up TimeSeries Database for your k8s cluster.
* Collected metrics from all running pods,nodes, … and store them in VictoriaMetrics database.
* Visualize resources used in Kubernetes cluster by Grafana dashboards.