- Make more clear the docs at docs/enterprise.md, so readers could figure out faster on how to obtain enterprise key and how to pass it to VictoriaMetrics Enterprise components. - Fix examples at docs/enterprise.md, which were referring to non-existing `-license-file` command-line flag. The `-licenseFile` command-line flag must be used instead. - Improve the description of `-license*` command-line flags, so users could understand faster how to use them. - Improve the warning message, which is emitted when the deprecated -eula command-line flag is passed, so the user could figure out how to switch faster to -license* command-line flags. - Disallow running VictoriaMetrics components with both -license and -licenseFile command-line flags. - Disallow running VictoriaMetrics components when -licensFile points to an empty file. - Consistently use the phrase "This flag is available only in Enterprise binaries" across all the enterprise-specific command-line flags. - Remove unneeded level of indirection for `noLicenseMessage` and `expiredMessage` string contants in order to improve code readability and maintainability. - Remove unneded `return` statements after `logger.Fatalf()` calls, since these calls exit the app and never return. - Make sure that the info log message about successful license verification is emitted when the license is verified successfully. Previously the error message could be logged when the license payload is invalid or if it misses some required features.
27 KiB
vmauth
vmauth
is a simple auth proxy, router and load balancer for VictoriaMetrics.
It reads auth credentials from Authorization
http header (Basic Auth, Bearer token
and InfluxDB authorization is supported),
matches them against configs pointed by -auth.config command-line flag and proxies incoming HTTP requests to the configured per-user url_prefix
on successful match.
The -auth.config
can point to either local file or to http url.
Quick start
Just download vmutils-*
archive from releases page, unpack it
and pass the following flag to vmauth
binary in order to start authorizing and routing requests:
/path/to/vmauth -auth.config=/path/to/auth/config.yml
After that vmauth
starts accepting HTTP requests on port 8427
and routing them according to the provided -auth.config.
The port can be modified via -httpListenAddr
command-line flag.
The auth config can be reloaded via the following ways:
- By passing
SIGHUP
signal tovmauth
. - By querying
/-/reload
http endpoint. This endpoint can be protected with-reloadAuthKey
command-line flag. See security docs for more details. - By specifying
-configCheckInterval
command-line flag to the interval between config re-reads. For example,-configCheckInterval=5s
will re-read the config and apply new changes every 5 seconds.
Docker images for vmauth
are available here.
Pass -help
to vmauth
in order to see all the supported command-line flags with their descriptions.
Feel free contacting us if you need customized auth proxy for VictoriaMetrics with the support of LDAP, SSO, RBAC, SAML, accounting and rate limiting such as vmgateway.
Load balancing
Each url_prefix
in the -auth.config may contain either a single url or a list of urls.
In the latter case vmauth
balances load among the configured urls in least-loaded round-robin manner.
vmauth
retries failing GET
requests across the configured list of urls.
This feature is useful for balancing the load among multiple vmselect
and/or vminsert
nodes
in VictoriaMetrics cluster.
Concurrency limiting
vmauth
limits the number of concurrent requests it can proxy according to the following command-line flags:
-maxConcurrentRequests
limits the global number of concurrent requestsvmauth
can serve across all the configured users.-maxConcurrentPerUserRequests
limits the number of concurrent requestsvmauth
can serve per each configured user.
It is also possible to set individual limits on the number of concurrent requests per each user
with the max_concurrent_requests
option - see auth config example.
vmauth
responds with 429 Too Many Requests
HTTP error when the number of concurrent requests exceeds the configured limits.
The following metrics related to concurrency limits are exposed by vmauth
:
vmauth_concurrent_requests_capacity
- the global limit on the number of concurrent requestsvmauth
can serve. It is set via-maxConcurrentRequests
command-line flag.vmauth_concurrent_requests_current
- the current number of concurrent requestsvmauth
processes.vmauth_concurrent_requests_limit_reached_total
- the number of requests rejected with429 Too Many Requests
error because of the global concurrency limit has been reached.vmauth_user_concurrent_requests_capacity{username="..."}
- the limit on the number of concurrent requests for the givenusername
.vmauth_user_concurrent_requests_current{username="..."}
- the current number of concurrent requests for the givenusername
.vmauth_user_concurrent_requests_limit_reached_total{username="foo"}
- the number of requests rejected with429 Too Many Requests
error because of the concurrency limit has been reached for the givenusername
.vmauth_unauthorized_user_concurrent_requests_capacity
- the limit on the number of concurrent requests for unauthorized users (ifunauthorized_user
section is used).vmauth_unauthorized_user_concurrent_requests_current
- the current number of concurrent requests for unauthorized users (ifunauthorized_user
section is used).vmauth_unauthorized_user_concurrent_requests_limit_reached_total
- the number of requests rejected with429 Too Many Requests
error because of the concurrency limit has been reached for unauthorized users (ifunauthorized_user
section is used).
IP filters
Enterprise version of vmauth
can be configured to allow / deny incoming requests via global and per-user IP filters.
For example, the following config allows requests to vmauth
from 10.0.0.0/24
network and from 1.2.3.4
IP address, while denying requests from 10.0.0.42
IP address:
users:
# User configs here
ip_filters:
allow_list:
- 10.0.0.0/24
- 1.2.3.4
deny_list: [10.0.0.42]
The following config allows requests for the user 'foobar' only from the IP 127.0.0.1
:
users:
- username: "foobar"
password: "***"
url_prefix: "http://localhost:8428"
ip_filters:
allow_list: [127.0.0.1]
See config example of using IP filters here.
Auth config
-auth.config
is represented in the following simple yml
format:
# Arbitrary number of usernames may be put here.
# It is possible to set multiple identical usernames with different passwords.
# Such usernames can be differentiated by `name` option.
users:
# Requests with the 'Authorization: Bearer XXXX' and 'Authorization: Token XXXX'
# header are proxied to http://localhost:8428 .
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is proxied to http://localhost:8428/api/v1/query
# Requests with the Basic Auth username=XXXX are proxied to http://localhost:8428 as well.
- bearer_token: "XXXX"
url_prefix: "http://localhost:8428"
# Requests with the 'Authorization: Bearer YYY' header are proxied to http://localhost:8428 ,
# The `X-Scope-OrgID: foobar` http header is added to every proxied request.
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is proxied to http://localhost:8428/api/v1/query
- bearer_token: "YYY"
url_prefix: "http://localhost:8428"
headers:
- "X-Scope-OrgID: foobar"
# All the requests to http://vmauth:8427 with the given Basic Auth (username:password)
# are proxied to http://localhost:8428 .
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is proxied to http://localhost:8428/api/v1/query
#
# The given user can send maximum 10 concurrent requests according to the provided max_concurrent_requests.
# Excess concurrent requests are rejected with 429 HTTP status code.
# See also -maxConcurrentPerUserRequests and -maxConcurrentRequests command-line flags.
- username: "local-single-node"
password: "***"
url_prefix: "http://localhost:8428"
max_concurrent_requests: 10
# All the requests to http://vmauth:8427 with the given Basic Auth (username:password)
# are proxied to http://localhost:8428 with extra_label=team=dev query arg.
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is routed to http://localhost:8428/api/v1/query?extra_label=team=dev
- username: "local-single-node2"
password: "***"
url_prefix: "http://localhost:8428?extra_label=team=dev"
# All the requests to http://vmauth:8427 with the given Basic Auth (username:password)
# are load-balanced among http://vmselect1:8481/select/123/prometheus and http://vmselect2:8481/select/123/prometheus
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is proxied to the following urls in a round-robin manner:
# - http://vmselect1:8481/select/123/prometheus/api/v1/select
# - http://vmselect2:8481/select/123/prometheus/api/v1/select
- username: "cluster-select-account-123"
password: "***"
url_prefix:
- "http://vmselect1:8481/select/123/prometheus"
- "http://vmselect2:8481/select/123/prometheus"
# All the requests to http://vmauth:8427 with the given Basic Auth (username:password)
# are load-balanced between http://vminsert1:8480/insert/42/prometheus and http://vminsert2:8480/insert/42/prometheus
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/write is proxied to the following urls in a round-robin manner:
# - http://vminsert1:8480/insert/42/prometheus/api/v1/write
# - http://vminsert2:8480/insert/42/prometheus/api/v1/write
- username: "cluster-insert-account-42"
password: "***"
url_prefix:
- "http://vminsert1:8480/insert/42/prometheus"
- "http://vminsert2:8480/insert/42/prometheus"
# A single user for querying and inserting data:
#
# - Requests to http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query_range
# and http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/label/<label_name>/values are proxied to the following urls in a round-robin manner:
# - http://vmselect1:8481/select/42/prometheus
# - http://vmselect2:8481/select/42/prometheus
# For example, http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/query is proxied to http://vmselect1:8480/select/42/prometheus/api/v1/query
# or to http://vmselect2:8480/select/42/prometheus/api/v1/query .
#
# - Requests to http://vmauth:8427/api/v1/write are proxied to http://vminsert:8480/insert/42/prometheus/api/v1/write .
# The "X-Scope-OrgID: abc" http header is added to these requests.
#
# Request which do not match `src_paths` from the `url_map` are proxied to the urls from `default_url`
# in a round-robin manner. The original request path is passed in `request_path` query arg.
# For example, request to http://vmauth:8427/non/existing/path are proxied:
# - to http://default1:8888/unsupported_url_handler?request_path=/non/existing/path
# - or http://default2:8888/unsupported_url_handler?request_path=/non/existing/path
- username: "foobar"
url_map:
- src_paths:
- "/api/v1/query"
- "/api/v1/query_range"
- "/api/v1/label/[^/]+/values"
url_prefix:
- "http://vmselect1:8481/select/42/prometheus"
- "http://vmselect2:8481/select/42/prometheus"
- src_paths: ["/api/v1/write"]
url_prefix: "http://vminsert:8480/insert/42/prometheus"
headers:
- "X-Scope-OrgID: abc"
ip_filters:
deny_list: [127.0.0.1]
default_url:
- "http://default1:8888/unsupported_url_handler"
- "http://default2:8888/unsupported_url_handler"
# Requests without Authorization header are routed according to `unauthorized_user` section.
unauthorized_user:
url_map:
- src_paths:
- /api/v1/query
- /api/v1/query_range
url_prefix:
- http://vmselect1:8481/select/0/prometheus
- http://vmselect2:8481/select/0/prometheus
ip_filters:
allow_list: [8.8.8.8]
ip_filters:
allow_list: ["1.2.3.0/24", "127.0.0.1"]
deny_list:
- 10.1.0.1
The config may contain %{ENV_VAR}
placeholders, which are substituted by the corresponding ENV_VAR
environment variable values.
This may be useful for passing secrets to the config.
Security
It is expected that all the backend services protected by vmauth
are located in an isolated private network, so they can be accessed by external users only via vmauth
.
Do not transfer Basic Auth headers in plaintext over untrusted networks. Enable https. This can be done by passing the following -tls*
command-line flags to vmauth
:
-tls
Whether to enable TLS (aka HTTPS) for incoming requests. -tlsCertFile and -tlsKeyFile must be set if -tls is set
-tlsCertFile string
Path to file with TLS certificate. Used only if -tls is set. Prefer ECDSA certs instead of RSA certs, since RSA certs are slow
-tlsKeyFile string
Path to file with TLS key. Used only if -tls is set
Alternatively, https termination proxy may be put in front of vmauth
.
It is recommended protecting the following endpoints with authKeys:
/-/reload
with-reloadAuthKey
command-line flag, so external users couldn't trigger config reload./flags
with-flagsAuthkey
command-line flag, so unauthorized users couldn't get application command-line flags./metrics
withmetricsAuthkey
command-line flag, so unauthorized users couldn't get access to vmauth metrics./debug/pprof
withpprofAuthKey
command-line flag, so unauthorized users couldn't get access to profiling information.
vmauth
also supports the ability to restict access by IP - see these docs. See also concurrency limiting docs.
Monitoring
vmauth
exports various metrics in Prometheus exposition format at http://vmauth-host:8427/metrics
page. It is recommended setting up regular scraping of this page
either via vmagent or via Prometheus, so the exported metrics could be analyzed later.
vmauth
exports vmauth_user_requests_total
counter metric
and vmauth_user_request_duration_seconds_*
summary metric
with username
label. The username
label value equals to username
field value set in the -auth.config
file.
It is possible to override or hide the value in the label by specifying name
field.
For example, the following config will result in vmauth_user_requests_total{username="foobar"}
instead of vmauth_user_requests_total{username="secret_user"}
:
users:
- username: "secret_user"
name: "foobar"
# other config options here
For unauthorized users vmauth
exports vmauth_unauthorized_user_requests_total
counter metric and
vmauth_unauthorized_user_request_duration_seconds_*
summary
metric without label (if unauthorized_user
section of config is used).
How to build from sources
It is recommended using binary releases - vmauth
is located in vmutils-*
archives there.
Development build
- Install Go. The minimum supported version is Go 1.19.
- Run
make vmauth
from the root folder of the repository. It buildsvmauth
binary and puts it into thebin
folder.
Production build
- Install docker.
- Run
make vmauth-prod
from the root folder of the repository. It buildsvmauth-prod
binary and puts it into thebin
folder.
Building docker images
Run make package-vmauth
. It builds victoriametrics/vmauth:<PKG_TAG>
docker image locally.
<PKG_TAG>
is auto-generated image tag, which depends on source code in the repository.
The <PKG_TAG>
may be manually set via PKG_TAG=foobar make package-vmauth
.
The base docker image is alpine but it is possible to use any other base image
by setting it via <ROOT_IMAGE>
environment variable. For example, the following command builds the image on top of scratch image:
ROOT_IMAGE=scratch make package-vmauth
Profiling
vmauth
provides handlers for collecting the following Go profiles:
- Memory profile. It can be collected with the following command (replace
0.0.0.0
with hostname if needed):
curl http://0.0.0.0:8427/debug/pprof/heap > mem.pprof
- CPU profile. It can be collected with the following command (replace
0.0.0.0
with hostname if needed):
curl http://0.0.0.0:8427/debug/pprof/profile > cpu.pprof
The command for collecting CPU profile waits for 30 seconds before returning.
The collected profiles may be analyzed with go tool pprof. It is safe sharing the collected profiles from security point of view, since they do not contain sensitive information.
Advanced usage
Pass -help
command-line arg to vmauth
in order to see all the configuration options:
./vmauth -help
vmauth authenticates and authorizes incoming requests and proxies them to VictoriaMetrics.
See the docs at https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmauth.html .
-auth.config string
Path to auth config. It can point either to local file or to http url. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmauth.html for details on the format of this auth config
-configCheckInterval duration
interval for config file re-read. Zero value disables config re-reading. By default, refreshing is disabled, send SIGHUP for config refresh.
-enableTCP6
Whether to enable IPv6 for listening and dialing. By default, only IPv4 TCP and UDP are used
-envflag.enable
Whether to enable reading flags from environment variables in addition to the command line. Command line flag values have priority over values from environment vars. Flags are read only from the command line if this flag isn't set. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/#environment-variables for more details
-envflag.prefix string
Prefix for environment variables if -envflag.enable is set
-eula
Deprecated, please use -license or -licenseFile flags instead. By specifying this flag, you confirm that you have an enterprise license and accept the ESA https://victoriametrics.com/legal/esa/ . This flag is available only in Enterprise binaries. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/enterprise.html
-failTimeout duration
Sets a delay period for load balancing to skip a malfunctioning backend. (default 3s)
-flagsAuthKey string
Auth key for /flags endpoint. It must be passed via authKey query arg. It overrides httpAuth.* settings
-fs.disableMmap
Whether to use pread() instead of mmap() for reading data files. By default, mmap() is used for 64-bit arches and pread() is used for 32-bit arches, since they cannot read data files bigger than 2^32 bytes in memory. mmap() is usually faster for reading small data chunks than pread()
-http.connTimeout duration
Incoming http connections are closed after the configured timeout. This may help to spread the incoming load among a cluster of services behind a load balancer. Please note that the real timeout may be bigger by up to 10% as a protection against the thundering herd problem (default 2m0s)
-http.disableResponseCompression
Disable compression of HTTP responses to save CPU resources. By default, compression is enabled to save network bandwidth
-http.idleConnTimeout duration
Timeout for incoming idle http connections (default 1m0s)
-http.maxGracefulShutdownDuration duration
The maximum duration for a graceful shutdown of the HTTP server. A highly loaded server may require increased value for a graceful shutdown (default 7s)
-http.pathPrefix string
An optional prefix to add to all the paths handled by http server. For example, if '-http.pathPrefix=/foo/bar' is set, then all the http requests will be handled on '/foo/bar/*' paths. This may be useful for proxied requests. See https://www.robustperception.io/using-external-urls-and-proxies-with-prometheus
-http.shutdownDelay duration
Optional delay before http server shutdown. During this delay, the server returns non-OK responses from /health page, so load balancers can route new requests to other servers
-httpAuth.password string
Password for HTTP server's Basic Auth. The authentication is disabled if -httpAuth.username is empty
-httpAuth.username string
Username for HTTP server's Basic Auth. The authentication is disabled if empty. See also -httpAuth.password
-httpListenAddr string
TCP address to listen for http connections. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol (default ":8427")
-httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol
Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at -httpListenAddr . See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt . With enabled proxy protocol http server cannot serve regular /metrics endpoint. Use -pushmetrics.url for metrics pushing
-internStringCacheExpireDuration duration
The expiry duration for caches for interned strings. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning . See also -internStringMaxLen and -internStringDisableCache (default 6m0s)
-internStringDisableCache
Whether to disable caches for interned strings. This may reduce memory usage at the cost of higher CPU usage. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning . See also -internStringCacheExpireDuration and -internStringMaxLen
-internStringMaxLen int
The maximum length for strings to intern. A lower limit may save memory at the cost of higher CPU usage. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interning . See also -internStringDisableCache and -internStringCacheExpireDuration (default 500)
-license string
Lisense key for VictoriaMetrics Enterprise. See https://victoriametrics.com/products/enterprise/ . Trial Enterprise license can be obtained from https://victoriametrics.com/products/enterprise/trial/ . This flag is available only in Enterprise binaries. The license key can be also passed via file specified by -licenseFile command-line flag
-license.forceOffline
Whether to enable offline verification for VictoriaMetrics Enterprise license key, which has been passed either via -license or via -licenseFile command-line flag. The issued license key must support offline verification feature. Contact info@victoriametrics.com if you need offline license verification. This flag is avilable only in Enterprise binaries
-licenseFile string
Path to file with license key for VictoriaMetrics Enterprise. See https://victoriametrics.com/products/enterprise/ . Trial Enterprise license can be obtained from https://victoriametrics.com/products/enterprise/trial/ . This flag is available only in Enterprise binaries. The license key can be also passed inline via -license command-line flag
-logInvalidAuthTokens
Whether to log requests with invalid auth tokens. Such requests are always counted at vmauth_http_request_errors_total{reason="invalid_auth_token"} metric, which is exposed at /metrics page
-loggerDisableTimestamps
Whether to disable writing timestamps in logs
-loggerErrorsPerSecondLimit int
Per-second limit on the number of ERROR messages. If more than the given number of errors are emitted per second, the remaining errors are suppressed. Zero values disable the rate limit
-loggerFormat string
Format for logs. Possible values: default, json (default "default")
-loggerJSONFields string
Allows renaming fields in JSON formatted logs. Example: "ts:timestamp,msg:message" renames "ts" to "timestamp" and "msg" to "message". Supported fields: ts, level, caller, msg
-loggerLevel string
Minimum level of errors to log. Possible values: INFO, WARN, ERROR, FATAL, PANIC (default "INFO")
-loggerOutput string
Output for the logs. Supported values: stderr, stdout (default "stderr")
-loggerTimezone string
Timezone to use for timestamps in logs. Timezone must be a valid IANA Time Zone. For example: America/New_York, Europe/Berlin, Etc/GMT+3 or Local (default "UTC")
-loggerWarnsPerSecondLimit int
Per-second limit on the number of WARN messages. If more than the given number of warns are emitted per second, then the remaining warns are suppressed. Zero values disable the rate limit
-maxConcurrentPerUserRequests int
The maximum number of concurrent requests vmauth can process per each configured user. Other requests are rejected with '429 Too Many Requests' http status code. See also -maxConcurrentRequests command-line option and max_concurrent_requests option in per-user config (default 300)
-maxConcurrentRequests int
The maximum number of concurrent requests vmauth can process. Other requests are rejected with '429 Too Many Requests' http status code. See also -maxConcurrentPerUserRequests and -maxIdleConnsPerBackend command-line options (default 1000)
-maxIdleConnsPerBackend int
The maximum number of idle connections vmauth can open per each backend host. See also -maxConcurrentRequests (default 100)
-memory.allowedBytes size
Allowed size of system memory VictoriaMetrics caches may occupy. This option overrides -memory.allowedPercent if set to a non-zero value. Too low a value may increase the cache miss rate usually resulting in higher CPU and disk IO usage. Too high a value may evict too much data from the OS page cache resulting in higher disk IO usage
Supports the following optional suffixes for size values: KB, MB, GB, TB, KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB (default 0)
-memory.allowedPercent float
Allowed percent of system memory VictoriaMetrics caches may occupy. See also -memory.allowedBytes. Too low a value may increase cache miss rate usually resulting in higher CPU and disk IO usage. Too high a value may evict too much data from the OS page cache which will result in higher disk IO usage (default 60)
-metricsAuthKey string
Auth key for /metrics endpoint. It must be passed via authKey query arg. It overrides httpAuth.* settings
-pprofAuthKey string
Auth key for /debug/pprof/* endpoints. It must be passed via authKey query arg. It overrides httpAuth.* settings
-pushmetrics.extraLabel array
Optional labels to add to metrics pushed to -pushmetrics.url . For example, -pushmetrics.extraLabel='instance="foo"' adds instance="foo" label to all the metrics pushed to -pushmetrics.url
Supports an array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
-pushmetrics.interval duration
Interval for pushing metrics to -pushmetrics.url (default 10s)
-pushmetrics.url array
Optional URL to push metrics exposed at /metrics page. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/#push-metrics . By default, metrics exposed at /metrics page aren't pushed to any remote storage
Supports an array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
-reloadAuthKey string
Auth key for /-/reload http endpoint. It must be passed as authKey=...
-responseTimeout duration
The timeout for receiving a response from backend (default 5m0s)
-tls
Whether to enable TLS for incoming HTTP requests at -httpListenAddr (aka https). -tlsCertFile and -tlsKeyFile must be set if -tls is set
-tlsCertFile string
Path to file with TLS certificate if -tls is set. Prefer ECDSA certs instead of RSA certs as RSA certs are slower. The provided certificate file is automatically re-read every second, so it can be dynamically updated
-tlsCipherSuites array
Optional list of TLS cipher suites for incoming requests over HTTPS if -tls is set. See the list of supported cipher suites at https://pkg.go.dev/crypto/tls#pkg-constants
Supports an array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
-tlsKeyFile string
Path to file with TLS key if -tls is set. The provided key file is automatically re-read every second, so it can be dynamically updated
-tlsMinVersion string
Optional minimum TLS version to use for incoming requests over HTTPS if -tls is set. Supported values: TLS10, TLS11, TLS12, TLS13
-version
Show VictoriaMetrics version